Seropositivity to Cysticercosis in School-Age Children Living in a Low-Income Municipality in the Midwest Region of Brazil
-
Dayane Moraes
,
Émelin Alves dos Santos
,
José Antônio Alves Mendes
,
Ivanildes Solange da Costa Barcelos
,
João Batista Alves de Souza
,
Maria do Rosário de Fátima Gonçalves-Pires
,
Julia Maria Costa-Cruz
,
Rosângela Maria Rodrigues
Abstract
Background: Human cysticercosis (CC) is a global public health problem, especially in Latin America, including Brazil. We aimed to analyze the seroprevalence of CC among school-age children and adolescents.
Methods: We analyzed the presence of specific IgG antibodies against Taenia solium metacestodes in 500 serum samples from elementary school children and adolescents in Jataí City, state of Goiás, Brazil. IgG antibodies against the antigenic extract of the parasite were detected and analyzed by ELISA, and specific peptides were identified by confirmatory Western Blotting test.
Results: Of the 500 study participants, 205 (41%) were male, and 295 (59%) were female. Participants aged between 4 and 18 years (mean age 8.4 years). The percentage of serum samples reactive by ELISA was 37.2%. These samples were analyzed by Western Blotting, which confirmed that the seropositivity rate was 6.2% (95% CI 2.4–14.7) in 31 samples reactive for CC-specific bands, determined in serum samples from 18 male (5–11 years old) and 13 female (4–12 years old) students.
Conclusion: The CC seroprevalence demonstrated in schoolchildren suggests that this parasitosis is endemic in the study area. Further investigations are necessary to clarify the local epidemiology of this parasitosis.
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14. Costa-Cruz JM, Ferreira AW, Makino MM, Camargo ME. Spinal fluid immunoenzymatic assay (ELISA) for neurocysticercosis. Rev Inst Med Trop São Paulo. 1982; 24(6): 337-341.
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17. Barcelos ISC, Moura LP, Costa VP, Ferreira MS, Costa-Cruz JM. Taenia solium metacestode immunodominant peptides recognised by IgG antibodies in cerebrospinal fluid and serum paired samples from patients with active and inactive neurocysticercosis. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 2007; 102(6): 713-717.
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20. Del Brutto OH, Nash TE, White Jr AC, et al. Revised diagnostic criteria for neurocysticerc-osis. J Neurol Sci. 2017; 372: 202-210.
21. Hernandez M, Astudillo OG, Arana JLR, et al. Immunodiagnosis of human neurocysticercosis: comparative performance of serum diagnostic tests in Mexico. Parasitol Research. 118(10): 2891-2899, 2019.
22. Oliveira HB, Rodrigues RM, Barcelos ISC, Silva LP, Costa-Cruz JM. Anti-Taenia solium metacestode IgG antibodies in serum samples from inhabitants of a central-western region of Brazil. Rev Inst Med Trop S Paulo. 2006; 48(1): 49-52.
23. Sahu PS, Seepana J, Padela S, et al. Neurocysticercosis in children presenting with afebrile seizure: clinical profile, imaging and serodiagnosis. Rev Inst Med Trop São Paulo. 2014; 56(3): 253-8.
24. Moss DM, Handali S, Chard AN, et al. Detection of immunoglobulin G antibodies to Taenia solium cysticercosis antigen glutathione-S transferase–rT24H in Malian children using multiplex bead assay. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2018; 95(5): 1408-12.
25. Carod JF, Mauny F, Parmentier AL, et al. Hyperendemicity of cysticercosis in Madagascar: Novel insights from school children population-based antigen prevalence study. PloS One. 2021; 16(10): e0258035.
26. Coral-Almeida M, Gabriel S, Abatih EM, et al. Taenia solium Human Cysticercosis: A systematic review of sero-epidemological data from endemic zones around the world. PloS Negl Trop Dis. 2015; 9(7): e0003919.
27. Gomes I, Veiga M, Embirucu EK, et al. Taeniasis and cysticercosis prevalence in a small village from Northeastern Brazil. Arq Neuropsiquiatr. 2002; 60(2-A): 219–223.
28. Takayanagui OM, Castro-Silva AAMC, Santiago RC, Odashima NS, Terra VC, Takayabagu AMM. Compulsory notification of cysticercosis in Ribeirão Preto - SP, Brazil. Arq Neuropsiquiatr. 1996; 54(4): 557–564.
29. Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE). http://cidades.ibge.gov.br/brasil/go/jatai/panorama>. Accessed in: 15/10/2022.
30. Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE). http://cidades.ibge.gov.br/brasil/go/pesquisa/18/>. Accessed in: 26/10/2021.
31. Souza AS, Caiado KL, Sobestiansky J, et al. Ocorrência de toxoplasmose e cisticercose em suínos criados em fundo de quintal na periferia de Goiânia. Brasil: Congresso Brasileiro de Veterinários Especialistas em Suínos, Belo Horizonte, 1999; 251–252.
32. Russo LX, Scott A, Sivey P, Dias J. Primary care physicians and infant mortality: evidence from Brazil. PloS One. 2019; 14(5): e0217614.
2. Garcia HH, Gonzalez AE, Gilman RH. Taenia solium cysticercosis and its impact in neurological disease. Microbiol Reviews. 2020; 33 (3): e-00085-19.
3. Garcia HH, O’Neal SE, Noh J, Handali S. Laboratory diagnosis of neurocysticercosis (Taenia solium). J Clin Microbiol. 2018; 56(9): e00424-18.
4. Rodrigues CL, de Andrade DC, Livramento JA, et al. Spectrum of cognitive impairment in neurocysticercosis: differences according to disease phase. Neurol. 2012; 78(12): 861-866.
5. Singhi P, Malhi P, Suthar R, Deo B, Khandlwal NK. Long-term cognitive outcome of children with parenchymal neurocysticercosis: a prospective observation study. J Child Neurol. 2018; 33(7): 468-473.
6. Oliveira RS, Viana DC, Colli BO, Salomão JFM. Pediatric neurocysticercosis. Child Nerv Syst. 2018; 34: 1957-1965.
7. Martins-Melo FR, Ramos Jr AN, Cavalcanti MG, Alencar CH, Heukelbach J. Neurocysticercosis-related mortality in Brazil, 2000-2011: epidemiology of a neglected neurologic cause of death. Acta Trop. 2016; 153: 128-136.
8. Silveira-Lacerda EP, Machado ER, Arantes SCF, Costa-Cruz JM. Anti-Taenia solium metacestodes antibodies in serum from blood donors from four cities of Triângulo Mineiro area, Minas Gerais, Brazil, 1995. Rev Inst Med Trop São Paulo. 2002; 44: 229-231.
9. Prestes-Carneiro LE, Rubinsky-Elefant G, Ferreira AW, et al. Seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis, toxocariasis and cysticercosis in a rural settlement, São Paulo State, Brazil. Pathog Glob Health. 2013; 107: 88-95.
10. Ishida MMI, Almeida MSS, Espíndola NM, et al. Seroepidemiological study of human cysticercosis with blood samples collected on filter paper, in Lages, State of Santa Catarina, Brazil, 2004-2005. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop. 2011; 44: 339-343.
11. Guarda KX, Costa-Cruz JM, Barcelos ISC. Seroprevalence of human cysticercosis in Jataí, Goiás state, Brazil. Braz J Infect Dis. 2018; 22(2): 146-9.
12. Openshaw J, Medina A, Felt AS, et al. Prevalence and risk factors for Taenia solium cysticercosis in school-aged children: A school-based study in western Sichuan, People's Republic of China. PloS Negl Trop Dis. 2018;12(5): e0006465.
13. Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE). https://cidades.ibge.gov.br/brasil/go/jatai/panorama>. Acessed in: 24/10/2021.
14. Costa-Cruz JM, Ferreira AW, Makino MM, Camargo ME. Spinal fluid immunoenzymatic assay (ELISA) for neurocysticercosis. Rev Inst Med Trop São Paulo. 1982; 24(6): 337-341.
15. Lowry OH, Rosebrough NJ, Farr AL, Randall RJ. Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent. J Biol Chem. 1951; 193(1): 265–275.
16. Shiguekawa KYM, Mineo JR, Moura LP, Costa-Cruz JM. ELISA and Western blotting tests in the detection of IgG antibodies to Taenia solium metacestodes in serum samples in human neurocysticercosis. Trop Med Int Health. 2005; 5(6): 443-449.
17. Barcelos ISC, Moura LP, Costa VP, Ferreira MS, Costa-Cruz JM. Taenia solium metacestode immunodominant peptides recognised by IgG antibodies in cerebrospinal fluid and serum paired samples from patients with active and inactive neurocysticercosis. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 2007; 102(6): 713-717.
18. Borges WF, Marciano FM, Oliveira HB. Parasitos intestinais: elevada prevalência de Giardia lamblia em pacientes atendidos pelo serviço público de saúde da região sudeste de Goiás, Brasil. Rev Patol Trop. 2011; 40(2): 149-157.
19. Damaceno NS, Costa TL. Incidência de enteroparasitoses em pacientes atendidos por um hospital universitário da cidade de Goiânia, GO, Brasil. RBAC. 2017; 49(2): 195-199.
20. Del Brutto OH, Nash TE, White Jr AC, et al. Revised diagnostic criteria for neurocysticerc-osis. J Neurol Sci. 2017; 372: 202-210.
21. Hernandez M, Astudillo OG, Arana JLR, et al. Immunodiagnosis of human neurocysticercosis: comparative performance of serum diagnostic tests in Mexico. Parasitol Research. 118(10): 2891-2899, 2019.
22. Oliveira HB, Rodrigues RM, Barcelos ISC, Silva LP, Costa-Cruz JM. Anti-Taenia solium metacestode IgG antibodies in serum samples from inhabitants of a central-western region of Brazil. Rev Inst Med Trop S Paulo. 2006; 48(1): 49-52.
23. Sahu PS, Seepana J, Padela S, et al. Neurocysticercosis in children presenting with afebrile seizure: clinical profile, imaging and serodiagnosis. Rev Inst Med Trop São Paulo. 2014; 56(3): 253-8.
24. Moss DM, Handali S, Chard AN, et al. Detection of immunoglobulin G antibodies to Taenia solium cysticercosis antigen glutathione-S transferase–rT24H in Malian children using multiplex bead assay. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2018; 95(5): 1408-12.
25. Carod JF, Mauny F, Parmentier AL, et al. Hyperendemicity of cysticercosis in Madagascar: Novel insights from school children population-based antigen prevalence study. PloS One. 2021; 16(10): e0258035.
26. Coral-Almeida M, Gabriel S, Abatih EM, et al. Taenia solium Human Cysticercosis: A systematic review of sero-epidemological data from endemic zones around the world. PloS Negl Trop Dis. 2015; 9(7): e0003919.
27. Gomes I, Veiga M, Embirucu EK, et al. Taeniasis and cysticercosis prevalence in a small village from Northeastern Brazil. Arq Neuropsiquiatr. 2002; 60(2-A): 219–223.
28. Takayanagui OM, Castro-Silva AAMC, Santiago RC, Odashima NS, Terra VC, Takayabagu AMM. Compulsory notification of cysticercosis in Ribeirão Preto - SP, Brazil. Arq Neuropsiquiatr. 1996; 54(4): 557–564.
29. Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE). http://cidades.ibge.gov.br/brasil/go/jatai/panorama>. Accessed in: 15/10/2022.
30. Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE). http://cidades.ibge.gov.br/brasil/go/pesquisa/18/>. Accessed in: 26/10/2021.
31. Souza AS, Caiado KL, Sobestiansky J, et al. Ocorrência de toxoplasmose e cisticercose em suínos criados em fundo de quintal na periferia de Goiânia. Brasil: Congresso Brasileiro de Veterinários Especialistas em Suínos, Belo Horizonte, 1999; 251–252.
32. Russo LX, Scott A, Sivey P, Dias J. Primary care physicians and infant mortality: evidence from Brazil. PloS One. 2019; 14(5): e0217614.
| Files | ||
| Issue | Vol 18 No 2 (2023) | |
| Section | Original Article(s) | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.18502/ijpa.v18i2.13187 | |
| Keywords | ||
| Cysticercosis Child health Students Seroprevalence Brazil | ||
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How to Cite
1.
Moraes D, Alves dos Santos Émelin, Mendes JA, Barcelos I, Alves de Souza J, Gonçalves-Pires M do R, Costa-Cruz J, Rodrigues R. Seropositivity to Cysticercosis in School-Age Children Living in a Low-Income Municipality in the Midwest Region of Brazil. Iran J Parasitol. 2023;18(2):211-216.
