Human Infection with the Nematode Gongylonema sp.: A Case Report from Bulgaria
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Abstract
We report a case of infection with the zoonotic nematode Gongylonema sp. in a 24-year-old woman from Varna, Bulgaria. Two days before seeking medical attention, the patient had noticed a filamentous mass in her buccal mucosa that migrated when touched with the tongue. She manually removed a thread-like worm from the mucosa near her lower lip. Albendazole was prescribed for three days. The patient had no history of travelling abroad or contact with animals. To our knowledge, this is the sixth case that has been reported in the country.
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2. Xiaodan L, Zhensheng W, Ying H, Hongwei L, Jianqiu J, et al. Gongylonema pulchrum infection in the human oral cavity: A case report and literature review. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol. 2018;125(3):e49-e53. doi: 10.1016/j.oooo.2017.11.019
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5. Allen JD, Esquela-Kerscher A. Gongylonema pulchrum infection in a resident of Williamsburg, Virginia, verified by genetic analysis. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2013;89(4):755-7. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.13-0355
6. Haruki K, Furuya H, Saito S, Kamiya S, Kagei N. Gongylonema infection in man: a first case of gongylonemosis in Japan. Helminthologia. 2005;42(2):63-6.
7. Kramar U, Skvarč M, Logar M, et al. First case of human Gongylonema pulchrum infection in Slovenia. J Helminthol. 2019;94:e62. doi: 10.1017/S0022149X19000658
8. Huang Q, Wang J, Yang T, Liu Y. Multiple Gongylonema pulchrum worms in a human esophagus. Endoscopy. 2016;48:E24-25. doi: 10.1055/s-0035-1569657
9. Ganov V. Gongylonema pulchrum, Molin 1857. Bulgarian Clinic. 1940;ХII(1-2):77 (in Bulgarian)
10. Pesson B, Hersant C, Biehler JF, et al. First case of human gongylonemosis in France. Parasite. 2013;20:5. doi: 10.1051/parasite/2013007
11. Molavi GH, Massoud J, Gutierrez Y. Human Gongylonema infection in Iran. J Helminthol. 2006;80(4):425-8. doi: 10.1017/joh2006355
12. Ayala MA, Yencha MW. Gongylonema: a parasitic nematode of the oral cavity. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2012;138(11):1082-4. doi: 10.1001/2013.jamaoto.386
13. Zhou Q, Wei Y, Zhai H, Li S, Xu R, et al. Comorbid early esophageal cancer and Gongylonema pulchrum infection: a case report. BMC Gastroenterol. 2021;21(1):305. doi: 10.1186/s12876-021-01873-8
14. Libertin CR, Reza M, Peterson JH, Lewis J, Hata DJ. Human Gongylonema pulchrum Infection: Esophageal Symptoms and Need for Prolonged Albendazole Therapy. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2017;96(4):873-5. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.16-0852
15. Varcasia A, Scala A, Zidda A, et al. First record of Gongylonema nepalensis in domestic and wild ruminants in Europe. Vet Parasitol. 2017;246:11-18. doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2017.08.022
2. Xiaodan L, Zhensheng W, Ying H, Hongwei L, Jianqiu J, et al. Gongylonema pulchrum infection in the human oral cavity: A case report and literature review. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol. 2018;125(3):e49-e53. doi: 10.1016/j.oooo.2017.11.019
3. Mathison BA, Pritt BS. A Systematic Overview of Zoonotic Helminth Infections in North America. Lab Medicine. 2018;49:e61–e93. doi: 10.1093/labmed/lmy029
4. Wilson ME, Lorente CA, Allen JE, Eberhard ML. Gongylonema infection of the mouth in a resident of Cambridge, Massachusetts. Clin Infect Dis. 2001;32(9):1378-80. doi: 10.1086/319991
5. Allen JD, Esquela-Kerscher A. Gongylonema pulchrum infection in a resident of Williamsburg, Virginia, verified by genetic analysis. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2013;89(4):755-7. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.13-0355
6. Haruki K, Furuya H, Saito S, Kamiya S, Kagei N. Gongylonema infection in man: a first case of gongylonemosis in Japan. Helminthologia. 2005;42(2):63-6.
7. Kramar U, Skvarč M, Logar M, et al. First case of human Gongylonema pulchrum infection in Slovenia. J Helminthol. 2019;94:e62. doi: 10.1017/S0022149X19000658
8. Huang Q, Wang J, Yang T, Liu Y. Multiple Gongylonema pulchrum worms in a human esophagus. Endoscopy. 2016;48:E24-25. doi: 10.1055/s-0035-1569657
9. Ganov V. Gongylonema pulchrum, Molin 1857. Bulgarian Clinic. 1940;ХII(1-2):77 (in Bulgarian)
10. Pesson B, Hersant C, Biehler JF, et al. First case of human gongylonemosis in France. Parasite. 2013;20:5. doi: 10.1051/parasite/2013007
11. Molavi GH, Massoud J, Gutierrez Y. Human Gongylonema infection in Iran. J Helminthol. 2006;80(4):425-8. doi: 10.1017/joh2006355
12. Ayala MA, Yencha MW. Gongylonema: a parasitic nematode of the oral cavity. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2012;138(11):1082-4. doi: 10.1001/2013.jamaoto.386
13. Zhou Q, Wei Y, Zhai H, Li S, Xu R, et al. Comorbid early esophageal cancer and Gongylonema pulchrum infection: a case report. BMC Gastroenterol. 2021;21(1):305. doi: 10.1186/s12876-021-01873-8
14. Libertin CR, Reza M, Peterson JH, Lewis J, Hata DJ. Human Gongylonema pulchrum Infection: Esophageal Symptoms and Need for Prolonged Albendazole Therapy. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2017;96(4):873-5. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.16-0852
15. Varcasia A, Scala A, Zidda A, et al. First record of Gongylonema nepalensis in domestic and wild ruminants in Europe. Vet Parasitol. 2017;246:11-18. doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2017.08.022
| Files | ||
| Issue | Vol 19 No 3 (2024) | |
| Section | Case Report(s) | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.18502/ijpa.v19i3.16397 | |
| Keywords | ||
| Gongylonematosis Zoonotic disease Helminth Nematode | ||
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How to Cite
1.
Vuchev D, Popova G, Tomova M. Human Infection with the Nematode Gongylonema sp.: A Case Report from Bulgaria. Iran J Parasitol. 2024;19(3):366-369.
