Molecular and Parasitological Study of Cryptosporidium Isolates From Cattle in Ilam, West of Iran
-
Mahmoud Mahami Oskouei
,
Esmaeil Fallah
,
Mahmoud Ahmadi
,
Abdolrasoul Safaiyan
,
Salar Bakhtiyari
,
Razi Naserifar
,
Majid Dousti
Abstract
Background: Cryptosporidiosis is one of the most important parasitic infections in human and animals. This study was designed for survey on the prevalence of Cryptosporidium infection in farms of Ilam, west of Iran, using parasitology method and genotyping by Nested PCR-RFLP.
Methods: Fecal samples of 217 cattle were collected fresh and directly from the rectum of cattle. All of the samples were examined by microscopic observation after staining with modified Ziehl-Neelsen (MZN). Genomic DNA extracted by using EURx DNA kit. A Nested PCR-RFLP protocol amplifying 825 bp fragment of 18s rRNA gene conducted to differentiate species and genotyping of the isolates using SspI and VspI as restriction enzymes.
Results: The prevalence of Cryptosporidium infection in cattle using both methods is 3.68%. Most of the positive cattle were calves under six months. Species diagnosis carried out by digesting the secondary PCR product with SspI that C. parvum generated 3 visible bands of 448, 247 and 106 bp and digested by VspI restriction enzyme generated 2 visible bands of 628 and 104bp. In this investigation all of the positive samples were Cryptosporidium parvum.
Conclusion: C. parvum (bovine genotype) detected in all positive cattle samples in Ilam, west of Iran. The results of the present study can help for public health care systems to prevention and management of cryptosporidiosis in cattle and the assessment of cattle cryptosporidiosis as a reservoir for the human infection.
Morgan U, Weber R, Xiao L, Sulaiman I, Thompson RC, Ndiritu W, Lal A, Moore A, Deplazes P. Molecular characterization of Cryptosporidium isolates obtained from human immunodeficiency virus-infected individuals living in Switzerland, Kenya, and the United States. J Clin Microbiol. 2000; 38(3):1180-3.
Watanabe Y, Yang CH. Ooi HK. Cryptosporidium infection in livestock and first identification of Cryptosporidium parvum genotype in cattle feces in Taiwan. Parasitol Res. 2005; 97(3): 238–41.
Manouchehri Naeini K, Asadi M, Hashemzade Chaleshtori M. Detection and molecular characterization of Cryptosporidium species in recreational waters of Chaharmahal va Bakhtiyari province of Iran using nested-PCR-RFLP. Iran J Parasitol. 2010; 6(1): 20-7.
Current WL, Reese NC, Ernest JV, Bailey WS, Heyman MB, Weinstein WM. Human cryptosporidiosis in immunocompetent and immunodeficient persons. Studies of outbreak and experimental transmission. N Engl J Med. 1983; 308(21):1252–7.
Xiao L, Escalente l, Yang C, Sulaiman I, Escalente AA, Montali RJ, Fayer R Lal AA. Phylogenetic analysis of Cryptosporidium parasites based on the small-subunit rRNA gene locus. Applied Appl Environ Microbiol. 1999; 65(4):1578-83.
Mclauchlin J, Amar C, Pedraza-Diaz S, Nichols GL. Molecular epidemiological analysis of Cryptosporidium spp. in the United Kingdom: results of genotyping Cryptosporidium spp. in 1,705 fecal samples from humans and 105 fecal samples from livestock animals. J Clin microbial. 2000; 38(11): 3984-90.
Gatei W, Greensill J, Ashford RW, Cuevas LE, Parry CM, Cunliffe NA, Beeching NJ, Hart C A. Molecular analysis of the 18S rRNA gene of Cryptosporidium parasites from patients with or without human immunodeficiency virus infections living in Kenya, Malawi, Brazil, the United Kingdom, and Vietnam. J Clin Microbiol. 2003; 41:1458-62.
Coupe S, Sarfati C, Hamane S, Derouin F. Detection of cryptosporidium and identification to the species level by Nested PCR and restriction fragment length polymorphism. J Clin Microbal. 2005; 43: 1017-23.
Katsumata T, Hosea D, Ranuh IG, Uga S, Yanagi T, Kohno S. Short report: possible Cryptosporidium muris infection in humans. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2000; 62(1):70-2.
De la Fuente R, Luzon M, Ruiz-Santa-Quiteria J.A, Garcia A, Cid D, Orden JA, Garcia S, Sanz R, Gomez-Bautista M. Cryptosporidium and concurrent infectious with other major enteropathogens in 1 to 30-day-old diarrheic dairy calves in central Spain. Vet Parasitol. 1999; 80(3):179–85.
Lefay D, Naciri M, Poirier P, Chermette R. Prevalence of Cryptosporidium infection in calves in France. Vet Parasitol. 2000; 89(1-2):1–9.
Kuroki T, Watanabe Y, Asai Y, Yamai S. An outbreak of waterborne cryptosporidiosis in Kanagawa, Japan. J Jpn Assoc Inf Dis. 1996; 70(2):132–40.
Esmail F, Ataallah H. Prevalence of Cryptosporidium oocysts from calves in Kurdistan province, of Iran. The Internet J Parasitic Dise. 2009; 4(2).
Fayer R, Morgan U, Upton SJ. Epidemiology of Cryptosporidium: transmission, detection and identification. Int J Parasitol. 2000; 30(12-13): 1305-22.
Joachim A, Krull T, Schwarzkopf J, Daugschies A. Prevalence and control of bovine cryptosporidiosis in German dairy herds. Vet Parasitol. 2003; 112(4): 277-88.
Jager M, Gauly M, Bauer C, Failing K, Erhardt G, Zahner H. Endoparasites in calves of beef cattle herds: Management systems dependent and genetic influences. Vet Parasitol. 2005; 131(3-4): 173-91.
Pirestani M, Sadraei J, Dalimi asl A, Zawar M, Vaeznia H. Molecular characterization of Cryptosporidium isolates from human and bovine using 18s rRNA gene in Shahriar county of Tehran, Iran. Parasitol Res. 2008; 103(6): 467-72.
Laxer MA, Timblin BK, Patel RJ. DNA sequences for the specific detection of Cryptosporidium parvum by the polymerase chain reaction. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1991; 45(6): 688-94.
Xiao L. molecular epidemiology of Cryptosporidiosis: an update. Exp Parasitol. 2010; 124(1): 80–9.
Fallah E, Mahdavipoor B, Jamali R, Hatam Nahavandi K, Asgharzadeh M. Molecular characterization of Cryptosporidium isolates from cattle in a slaughterhouse in Tabriz, northwestern Iran. J Biol Sci. 2008; 8(3): 639-43.
Xiao L, Alderisio K, Limor J, Royer M, Lal AA. Identification of species and source of Cryptosporidium oosysts in storm waters with a small-submit rRNA-based diagnostic and genotyping tool. Applied Environ Microbiol. 2000; 66(12): 5492-8.
Karanis P, Sotiriadou I, Kartashev V, Kourenti C, Tsvetkova N, Stojanova K. Occurrence of Giardia and Cryptosporidium in water supplies of Russia and Bulgaria. Env Res. 2006; 102(3): 260-71.
Radfar MH, Molaei MM, Baghbannejad A. Prevalence of Cryptosporidium SPP. oocysts in dairy calves in Kerman, southeastern Iran. Iranian J Vet Res. 2006; 7(2):81-4.
Koyama Y, Satoh M, Meakawa K, Hilkosaka K, Nakai Y. Isolation of Cryptosporidium andersoni Kawatabi type in a slaughterhouse in the island of Japan. Vet Parasitol. 2005; 130(3-4): 323-6.
Gow S, Waldner C. An examination of the prevalence of and risk factor for shedding of Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia spp. in cows and calves western Canadian cow-calf herds. Vet Parasitol. 2006; 137(1-2): 50-61.
Chi JY, Lee SH, Guk SM. An epidemiological survey of Cryptosporidium parvum infection in randomly selected inhabitants of Seoul and Chollanam-do. Korean J Parasitol. 1996; 34(2): 113-9.
Conlon CP, Pinching AJ, Perera CU, Moody A, Luo NP, Lucas SB. HIV related enteropathy in Zambia: a clinical, microbiological and histological study. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1990; 42(1): 83-8.
Roy SS, Pramanik AK, Batabyal S, Sarkar S, Das P. Cryptosporidiosis an important zoonotic disease. Intas Polivet. 2006; 7: 432-6.
Ongerth E, Stibbs H. Prevalence of Cryptosporidium infection in dairy calves in Western Washington. Am J Vet Res. 1989; 50(7): 1069-70.
Saha Roy S, Sarkar S, Batabyal S, Pramanik AK, Das P. Observations on the epidemiology of bovine cryptosporidiosis in India. Vet Parasitol. 2006; 141(3-4): 330-3.
Meamar AR, Guyot K, Certad G, Dei-Cas E, Mohraz M, Mohebali M, Mohammad K, Mahbod AA, Rezaie S, Rezaian M. Molecular characterization of Cryptosporidium isolates from humans and animals in Iran. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2007; 73(3): 1033-5.
Wielinga PR, de Vries A, van der Goot TH, Mank T, Mars MH, Kortbeek LM, van der Giessen JW. Molecular epidemiology of Cryptosporidium in humans and cattle in the Netherlands. Int J Parasitol. 2008; 38(7): 809-17.
Fayer R, Santin M, Trout JM. Prevalence of Cryptosporidium species and genotypes in mature dairy cattle on farms in eastern United States compared with younger cattle from the same locations. Vet Parasitol. 2007; 145 (3-4): 260-6.
| Files | ||
| Issue | Vol 9 No 3 (2014) | |
| Section | Articles | |
| Keywords | ||
| Cattle Cryptosporidium Iran PCR-RFLP | ||
| Rights and permissions | |
|
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
