A Five-Year Retrospective Investigation of the Prevalence of Intestinal Parasites at Mizan-Tepi University Teaching Hospital, Southwest Ethiopia
,
Abstract
Background: Intestinal parasites are responsible for a significant amount of disease and mortality around the world. In developing nations, intestinal parasites are a severe public health issue. Intestinal parasite infections are one of the most common illnesses in the world. They're frequently linked to poor personal and environmental cleanliness, as well as low-quality drinking water. The aim of this study is to investigate the prevalence of intestinal parasites and their shifting trends during a five-year period at Mizan-Tepi University of Teaching Hospital (MTUTH).
Methods: A cross-sectional retrospective survey using the past five years' (2017 to 2021) clinical records obtained from MTUTH Mizan-Aman town Southern west Ethiopia. Patients with complete age, sex, and stool parasite examination (direct wet mount or concentration techniques) records on the parasitology registration book were included. Data were entered and analysed using a Microsoft Excel sheet. The parasite prevalence was calculated using frequency and percentages.
Results: Overall, 17,030 patient records of the past five years were reviewed from the registration books of parasitology laboratory departments at MTUTH and only 546 records were taken for this study. Of these 336 (61.50%) were female and the rest 210 (38.50%) were males. One hundred eighty-two (182) 33.33% of patients had one or more intestinal parasites over five years from 2017 to 2021. From total of 546 patients’ records 17.77% in 2017, 18.89% in 2018, 23.44% in 2019, 19.96% in 2020 and 19.96% in 2021 had complete information.
Conclusion: Intestinal parasite prevalence was high among patients who visited the Mizan-Tepi University of Teaching Hospital during the five-year period. Helminthes and protozoan parasites prevalence was higher in the 15–45 years age category. In order to avoid intestinal parasite-related disease, strategies other than mass drug administration are required.
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13. Derso A, Yenealem G, Addisu A. A five-year trend of intestinal parasite prevalence among students attending clinic at University of Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia. J Parasitol Res. 2021; 2021:8897935.
14. Masucci L, Graffeo R, Bani S, et al. Intestinal parasites isolated in a large teaching hospital, Italy, 1 May 2006 to 31 December 2008. Euro Surveill. 2011; 16(24): 19891.
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16. Utzinger J, N'goran E, Marti H, et al. Intestinal amoebiasis, giardiasis and geohelminthiases: their association with other intestinal parasites and reported intestinal symptoms. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1999; 93(2): 137-41.
17. Al-Delaimy AK, Al-Mekhlafi HM, Nasr NA, et al. Epidemiology of intestinal polyparasitism among Orang Asli school children in rural Malaysia. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2014; 8(8): e3074.
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21. Mama M, Alemu G. Prevalence and factors associated with intestinal parasitic infections among food handlers of Southern Ethiopia: cross sectional study. BMC Public Health. 2016 Feb 1;16:105.
22. Hotez PJ, Brindley PJ, Bethony JM, et al. Helminth infections: the great neglected tropical diseases. J Clin Invest. 2008 Apr 1;118(4):1311-1321.
23. Nyarango RM, Aloo PA, Kabiru EW, et al. The risk of pathogenic intestinal parasite infections in Kisii Municipality, Kenya. BMC Public Health. 2008;8:237.
24. Saelens G, Robertson L, Gabriël S. Diagnostic tools for the detection of taeniid eggs in different environmental matrices: A systematic review. Food Waterborne Parasitol. 2022:e00145.
25. Sahlemariam Z, Mekete G. Examination of fingernail contents and stool for ova, cyst and larva of intestinal parasites from food handlers working in student cafeterias in three Higher Institutions in Jimma. Ethiop J Health Sci. 2001;11(2).
26. Alo M, Ugah U, Elom M. Prevalence of intestinal parasites from the fingers of school children in Ohaozara, Ebonyi State, Nigeria. Am J Biol Chem Pharm Sci. 2013;1(5):22-7.
27. Ayelgn M, Worku L, Ferede G, et al. A 5 year retrospective analysis of common intestinal parasites at Poly Health Center, Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia. BMC Res Notes. 2019;12:1-6.
28. Baral R, Jha P, Amatya R, et al. Prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections among patients attending in a tertiary care hospital of eastern region of Nepal–A retrospective, laboratory based study. Asian J Med Sci. 2017 May 2;8(3):55-9.
29. Kurup R, Hunjan GS. Intestinal parasites in St Lucia: a retrospective, Laboratory-based study. J Rural Trop Public Health. 2010;9:24-30. To be emoved
30. Feng Y, Xiao L. Zoonotic potential and molecular epidemiology of Giardia species and giardiasis. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2011;24(1):110-40.
31. Al Saqur IM, Al-Warid HS, Albahadely HS. The prevalence of Giardia lamblia and Entamoeba histolytica/dispar among Iraqi provinces. Karbala Int J Mod Sci. 2017;3(2):93-6.
32. Calderaro A, Montecchini S, Rossi S, et al. Intestinal parasitoses in a tertiary-care hospital located in a non-endemic setting during 2006–2010. BMC Infect Dis. 2014;14:264.
33. Sangani S, Jaiswal N, Charlies J, et al. Prevalence of Intestinal Parasites in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Rural Areas of Dahod. EJMCM.2020;11:8774-8780.
34. Praharaj I, Sarkar R, Ajjampur SS, et al. Temporal trends of intestinal parasites in patients attending a tertiary care hospital in south India: A seven-year retrospective analysis. Indian J Med Res. 2017;146(1):111-120.
35. Singh T, Bhatambare GS, Deshmukh AB, et al. Study of the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections in a tertiary care hospital located in central India. Int J Health Syst. 2014;2(2):113-116.
36. Sahai S, Jamali S. Changing trend in prevalence of intestinal parasites in patients attending a tertiary care hospital in Lucknow. Indian Journal of Basic and Applied Medical Research. 2014;4:560-567.
37. Sirekbasan S. The distribution of intestinal parasites in patients presenting to a university hospital in istanbul: a seven-year retrospective analysis. Turkiye Parazitol Derg. 2020;44(3):139-142.
38. Karimazar M, Rezaeian S, Ebrahimipour M, et al. Prevalence and time-trend analysis of intestinal parasitic infections in north-central Iran, 2012-2016. Trop Biomed. 2019;36(1):103-113.
39. Tessema A, Yitayew B, Kebede T. Intestinal parasitic infections at Tikur Anbessa University Hospital, Ethiopia: a 5-year retrospective study. Int J Infect Dis Ther. 2016;1(1):22-26.
40. Legese K. Infection Prevalence of Intestinal Parasitic Protozoans in Atat Hospital, Gurage Zone, Ethiopia: A Retrospective Study. J Trop Dis. 2019;7(307):2-4.
2. Pullan RL, Smith JL, Jasrasaria, RB, et al. Global numbers of infection and disease burden of soil-transmitted helminth infections in 2010. Parasit Vectors. 2014; 7:37.
3. Montresor A, Mupfasoni D, Mikhailov A, et al. The global progress of soil-transmitted helminthiases control in 2020 and World Health Organization targets for 2030. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2020; 14(8): e0008505.
4. Thapar N, and Sanderson IR. Diarrhoea in children: an interface between developing and developed countries. Lancet. 2004; 363(9409): 641-53.
5. Sayyari A, Imanzadeh F, Bagheri Yazdi S, et al. Prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections in the Islamic Republic of Iran. East Mediterr Health J. 2005; 11(3): 377-83.
6. Fincham JE, Markus M, Adams V. Could control of soil-transmitted helminthic infection influence the HIV/AIDS pandemic. Acta Trop. 2003;86(2-3):315-33.
7. Acharya A, Subedi JR, Devkota RP. Prevalence of intestinal parasites among children attending outpatient department of Kanti Children’s Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal. Nepalese Journal of Zoology. 2021;5(1):1-7.
8. Rituparna B, Bhattacharya P, Paul U, et al. Prevalence of intestinal parasites in a tertiary care hospital in rural Bihar. Int J Sci Study. 2017; 4(12): 89-93.
9. Addisu A, Zeleke AJ, Bayih AG, et al. Trends and seasonal patterns in intestinal parasites diagnosed in primary health facilities in Northwest Ethiopia. J Infect Dev Ctries. 2020; 14(06.1): 58S-65S.
10. Chala B. A retrospective analysis of the results of a five-year (2005–2009) parasitological examination for common intestinal parasites from bale-Robe Health Center, Robe Town, Southeastern Ethiopia. SRN Parasitol. 2013 ;2013:694731.
11. Alemu G, Mekonnen F, Nega M, et al. Trend of Soil-Transmitted Helminths in Ethiopian Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (2000-2018). J Parasitol Res. 2021 ;2021:5638836.
12. Amer OS, Al-Malki ES, Waly MI, et al. Prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections among patients of king fahd medical city in riyadh region, Saudi arabia: a 5-year retrospective study. J Parasitol Res. 2018 ;2018:8076274.
13. Derso A, Yenealem G, Addisu A. A five-year trend of intestinal parasite prevalence among students attending clinic at University of Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia. J Parasitol Res. 2021; 2021:8897935.
14. Masucci L, Graffeo R, Bani S, et al. Intestinal parasites isolated in a large teaching hospital, Italy, 1 May 2006 to 31 December 2008. Euro Surveill. 2011; 16(24): 19891.
15. Chala B. Prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections in Mojo Health Center, eastern Ethiopia: a 6-year (2005-2010) retrospective study. Epidemiol. 2013;3(119):2161-1165.
16. Utzinger J, N'goran E, Marti H, et al. Intestinal amoebiasis, giardiasis and geohelminthiases: their association with other intestinal parasites and reported intestinal symptoms. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1999; 93(2): 137-41.
17. Al-Delaimy AK, Al-Mekhlafi HM, Nasr NA, et al. Epidemiology of intestinal polyparasitism among Orang Asli school children in rural Malaysia. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2014; 8(8): e3074.
18. Feleke BE. Nutritional status and intestinal parasite in school age children: a comparative cross-sectional study. Int J Pediatr. 2016;2016:1962128.
19. Stephenson LS, Latham MC, Ottesen E. Malnutrition and parasitic helminth infections. Parasitology. 2000;121(S1):S23-38.
20. WHO Expert Committee. Public health significance of intestinal parasitic infections. Bull World Health Organ. 1987;65(5):575-88.
21. Mama M, Alemu G. Prevalence and factors associated with intestinal parasitic infections among food handlers of Southern Ethiopia: cross sectional study. BMC Public Health. 2016 Feb 1;16:105.
22. Hotez PJ, Brindley PJ, Bethony JM, et al. Helminth infections: the great neglected tropical diseases. J Clin Invest. 2008 Apr 1;118(4):1311-1321.
23. Nyarango RM, Aloo PA, Kabiru EW, et al. The risk of pathogenic intestinal parasite infections in Kisii Municipality, Kenya. BMC Public Health. 2008;8:237.
24. Saelens G, Robertson L, Gabriël S. Diagnostic tools for the detection of taeniid eggs in different environmental matrices: A systematic review. Food Waterborne Parasitol. 2022:e00145.
25. Sahlemariam Z, Mekete G. Examination of fingernail contents and stool for ova, cyst and larva of intestinal parasites from food handlers working in student cafeterias in three Higher Institutions in Jimma. Ethiop J Health Sci. 2001;11(2).
26. Alo M, Ugah U, Elom M. Prevalence of intestinal parasites from the fingers of school children in Ohaozara, Ebonyi State, Nigeria. Am J Biol Chem Pharm Sci. 2013;1(5):22-7.
27. Ayelgn M, Worku L, Ferede G, et al. A 5 year retrospective analysis of common intestinal parasites at Poly Health Center, Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia. BMC Res Notes. 2019;12:1-6.
28. Baral R, Jha P, Amatya R, et al. Prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections among patients attending in a tertiary care hospital of eastern region of Nepal–A retrospective, laboratory based study. Asian J Med Sci. 2017 May 2;8(3):55-9.
29. Kurup R, Hunjan GS. Intestinal parasites in St Lucia: a retrospective, Laboratory-based study. J Rural Trop Public Health. 2010;9:24-30. To be emoved
30. Feng Y, Xiao L. Zoonotic potential and molecular epidemiology of Giardia species and giardiasis. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2011;24(1):110-40.
31. Al Saqur IM, Al-Warid HS, Albahadely HS. The prevalence of Giardia lamblia and Entamoeba histolytica/dispar among Iraqi provinces. Karbala Int J Mod Sci. 2017;3(2):93-6.
32. Calderaro A, Montecchini S, Rossi S, et al. Intestinal parasitoses in a tertiary-care hospital located in a non-endemic setting during 2006–2010. BMC Infect Dis. 2014;14:264.
33. Sangani S, Jaiswal N, Charlies J, et al. Prevalence of Intestinal Parasites in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Rural Areas of Dahod. EJMCM.2020;11:8774-8780.
34. Praharaj I, Sarkar R, Ajjampur SS, et al. Temporal trends of intestinal parasites in patients attending a tertiary care hospital in south India: A seven-year retrospective analysis. Indian J Med Res. 2017;146(1):111-120.
35. Singh T, Bhatambare GS, Deshmukh AB, et al. Study of the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections in a tertiary care hospital located in central India. Int J Health Syst. 2014;2(2):113-116.
36. Sahai S, Jamali S. Changing trend in prevalence of intestinal parasites in patients attending a tertiary care hospital in Lucknow. Indian Journal of Basic and Applied Medical Research. 2014;4:560-567.
37. Sirekbasan S. The distribution of intestinal parasites in patients presenting to a university hospital in istanbul: a seven-year retrospective analysis. Turkiye Parazitol Derg. 2020;44(3):139-142.
38. Karimazar M, Rezaeian S, Ebrahimipour M, et al. Prevalence and time-trend analysis of intestinal parasitic infections in north-central Iran, 2012-2016. Trop Biomed. 2019;36(1):103-113.
39. Tessema A, Yitayew B, Kebede T. Intestinal parasitic infections at Tikur Anbessa University Hospital, Ethiopia: a 5-year retrospective study. Int J Infect Dis Ther. 2016;1(1):22-26.
40. Legese K. Infection Prevalence of Intestinal Parasitic Protozoans in Atat Hospital, Gurage Zone, Ethiopia: A Retrospective Study. J Trop Dis. 2019;7(307):2-4.
| Files | ||
| Issue | Vol 18 No 1 (2023) | |
| Section | Original Article(s) | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.18502/ijpa.v18i1.12382 | |
| Keywords | ||
| Intestinal parasites Prevalence Helminthes Protozoan Ethiopia | ||
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How to Cite
1.
Duguma T, Tekalign E. A Five-Year Retrospective Investigation of the Prevalence of Intestinal Parasites at Mizan-Tepi University Teaching Hospital, Southwest Ethiopia. Iran J Parasitol. 2023;18(1):76-84.
