Seroepidemiological Study of Toxocariasis in Children Aged 6-14 Year Old in Sanandaj, Western Iran
Abstract
Background: Toxocariasis is a disease caused by Toxocara nematodes and occurs from consuming their eggs. The main hosts of these worms are dogs and cats. The disease in humans becomes a visceral larva migrans (VLM). This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the prevalence of toxocariasis in children aged 6–14 years.
Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted from Jun 1 2016 to Dec 1 2017 in Sanandaj, west of Iran. A total of 182 serum samples were collected from children age 6 to14 yr referred to medical diagnostic laboratories. Demographic data (age, sex, and parents' literacy status), clinical signs (cough, headache, fever, abdominal pain), and the history of contact with dogs and cats was collected by a questionnaire. The presence of anti-Toxocara IgG antibody was detected by T. canis IgG ELISA (IBL, Germany) kit.
Results: Of 182 subjects, 97 (53.3%) were male and 85 (46.7%) female. The average age was 9.2 years. Antibodies against T. canis were positive in three cases (1.65%) of all the studied subjects.
Conclusions: The results showed a low prevalence of toxocariasis in children studied.
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21. Sadjjadi SM, Khosravi M, Mehrabani D, et al. Seroprevalence of toxocara infection in school children in Shiraz, southern Iran. J Trop Pediatr. 2000;46(6):327-330.
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25. Mahmoudvand H, Taee N, Ebrahimzadeh F, et al. Seroprevalence and risk factors of Toxocara canis infection in children (2–15 years old) referred to health centers of Lorestan province, Iran. J Pediatr Infect Dis. 2018;13:20-24.
26. Akhlaghi L, Ourmazdi H, Sarafnia A, et al. An investigation on the toxocariasis seroprevalence in children (2-12 years old) from mahidasht area of Kermanshah Province (2003-2004). RJMS. 2006;13(52):41-48.
2. Despommier D. Toxocariasis: Clinical aspects, epidemiology, medical ecology, and molecular aspects. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2003;16(2):265-272.
3. Macpherson CN. The epidemiology and public health importance of toxocariasis: A zoonosis of global importance. Int J Parasitol. 2013;43(12-13):999-1008.
4. Nunez CR, Martinez GDM, Arteaga SY, et al. Prevalence and risk factors associated with Toxocara canis infection in children. ScientificWorldJournal. 2013;572089.
5. Baboolal S, Rawlins SC. Seroprevalence of toxocariasis in schoolchildren in Trinidad. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2002;96(2):139-143.
6. Strube C, Heuer L, Janecek E. Toxocara spp. Infections in paratenic hosts. Vet Parasitol. 2013;193(4):375-389.
7. Magnaval JF, Glickman LT, Dorchies P, et al. Highlights of human toxocariasis. Korean J Parasitol. 2001;39(1):1-11.
8. Deutz A, Fuchs K, Auer H, et al. Toxocara-infestations in austria: A study on the risk of infection of farmers, slaughterhouse staff, hunters and veterinarians. Parasitol Res. 2005;97(5):390-394.
9. Del Brutto OH. Parasitic infections of the central nervous system. CNS Infections. 2017:181-197.
10. Good B, Holland CV, Taylor MR, et al. Ocular toxocariasis in schoolchildren. Clin Infect Dis. 2004;39(2):173-178.
11. Noordin R, Smith HV, Mohamad S, et al. Comparison of IGG-ELISA and IGG4-ELISA for Toxocara serodiagnosis. Acta Trop. 2005;93(1):57-62.
12. Hotez PJ, Bottazzi ME, Franco-Paredes C, et al. The neglected tropical diseases of latin america and the caribbean: A review of disease burden and distribution and a roadmap for control and elimination. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2008;2(9):e300.
13. Seo M, Yoon SC. A seroepidemiological survey of toxocariasis among eosinophilia patients in Chungcheongnam-do. Korean J Parasitol. 2012;50(3):249-251.
14. Portus M, Riera C, Prats G. A serological survey of toxocariasis in patients and healthy donors in Barcelona (spain). Eur J Epidemiol. 1989;5(2):224-227.
15. Stensvold CR, Skov J, Moller LN, et al. Seroprevalence of human toxocariasis in Denmark. Clin Vaccine Immunol. 2009;16(9):1372-1373.
16. Abdi J, Darabi M, Sayehmiri K. Epidemiological situation of toxocariasis in Iran: Meta-analysis and systematic review. Pak J Biol Sci. 2012;15(22):1052-1055.
17. Tabari H, Somee BS, Zadeh MR. Testing for long-term trends in climatic variables in Iran. Atmospheric Research. 2011;100(1):132-140.
18. Nourian A, Amiri M, Ataeian A, et al. Seroepidemiological study for toxocariasis among children in Zanjan-northwest of Iran. Pak J Biol Sci. 2008;11(14):1844-7.
19. Hosseini-Safa A, Mousavi SM, Badorani MBB, et al. Seroepidemiology of toxocariasis in children (5–15 yr old) referred to the pediatric clinic of Imam Hossein Hospital, Isfahan, Iran. Iran J Parasitol. 2015;10(4):632-7.
20. Zibaei M, Sadjjadi S. Trend of toxocariasis in iran: A review on human and animal dimensions. Iran J Vet Res. 2017;18(4):233-242.
21. Sadjjadi SM, Khosravi M, Mehrabani D, et al. Seroprevalence of toxocara infection in school children in Shiraz, southern Iran. J Trop Pediatr. 2000;46(6):327-330.
22. Garedaghi Y. Seroprevalence of toxocariasis in children in east- Azerbaijan Province, Iran. Cukurova Med J. 2013;38(4):581-586.
23. Fallah M, Azimi A, Taherkhani H. Seroprevalence of toxocariasis in children aged 1–9 years in western Islamic Republic of Iran, 2003. East Mediterr Health J. 2007;13(5):1073-1077.
24. Sharif M, Daryani A, Barzegar G, et al. Seroprevalence of toxocariasis in schoolchildren in northern Iran. Pak J Biol Sci. 2010;13(4):180-184.
25. Mahmoudvand H, Taee N, Ebrahimzadeh F, et al. Seroprevalence and risk factors of Toxocara canis infection in children (2–15 years old) referred to health centers of Lorestan province, Iran. J Pediatr Infect Dis. 2018;13:20-24.
26. Akhlaghi L, Ourmazdi H, Sarafnia A, et al. An investigation on the toxocariasis seroprevalence in children (2-12 years old) from mahidasht area of Kermanshah Province (2003-2004). RJMS. 2006;13(52):41-48.
| Files | ||
| Issue | Vol 15 No 3 (2020) | |
| Section | Short Communication(s) | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.18502/ijpa.v15i3.4209 | |
| Keywords | ||
| Children Toxocara Toxocariasis Iran | ||
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How to Cite
1.
MAROUFI Y, FARIDI A, KHADEMERFAN M, BAHRAMI F, ZAMINI G. Seroepidemiological Study of Toxocariasis in Children Aged 6-14 Year Old in Sanandaj, Western Iran. Iran J Parasitol. 2020;15(3):435-439.
