Assessment of the Endoparasite Fauna amongst the Rodents in Kurdistan Province, West of Iran
-
Ali Mohammadi
,
Arezoo Bozorgomid
,
Mohammad Mehdi Sedaghat
,
GholamReza Mowlavi
,
Mohammad Reza Abai
,
Ehsan Mostafavi
Abstract
Background: We aimed to evaluate the rate of infection by endoparasites amongst rodents in the western regions of Iran to enhance the level of knowledge amongst health authorities in this entity.
Methods: This study was conducted in the west and southwest of Kurdistan Province, including the cities of Sanandaj, Marivan, and Sarvabad. The field mission of this work was performed in three seasons’ spring, summer, and autumn. The rodents were captured alive and their gastrointestinal tracts were evaluated for the worm endoparasites.
Results: Herein, 208 rodents from 15 types of seven species, including Apodemus, Meriones, Mus, Sciurus, Cricetulus, Microtus, and Dryomys, were captured. In addition, 67 (32.21%) rodents were infected with endoparasites and 10 types of worms endoparasites, including Syphacia muris, Streptophagus spp., Mastophorus muris, Skrjabinema spp., Trichostrongylus spp., Trichuris muris, Hymenolepis nana, Hymenolepis dimimuta, Heligmosomoide spp., and other oxiuros were isolated from their gastrointestinal tracts. Most of these parasites (60%) were isolated from their small intestine whereas they were least (10%) found in their stomach and cecum.
Conclusion: Having compared the results of this study with other studies in different regions of Iran, there is a higher variety of rodents and worm parasites in these regions of Iran.
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2. Kia EB, Homayouni M, Farahnak A, Mohebali M, Shojai S. Study of endoparasites of rodents and their zoonotic importance in Ahvaz, south west Iran. Iran J Public Health. 2001; 30(1-2):49-52.
3. Rabiee MH, Mahmoudi A, Siahsarvie R, Kryštufek B, Mostafavi E. Rodent-borne diseases and their public health importance in Iran. PLoS Negl Tropl Dis. 2018; 4(12):e0006256.
4. Meerburg BG, Singleton GR, Kijlstra A. Rodent-borne diseases and their risks for public health. Crit Rev Microbiol. 2009; 35(3):221-70.
5. Webster J, Macdonald D. Parasites of wild brown rats (R. norvegicus) on UK farms. Parasitology. 1995; 111(03):247-55.
6. Khajeh A, Mohammadi Z, Darvish J, et al. A survey on endoparasites in wild rodents of the Jaz Murian depression and adjacent areas, southeast of Iran. J Parasit Dis.2018; 42(4):589-97.
7. Meshkekar M, Sadraei J, Mahmoodzadeh A, Mobedi I. Helminth Infections in Rattus ratus and Rattus norvigicus in Tehran, Iran. Iran J Parasitol. 2014; 9(4):548–552.
8. Scott M, Lewis J. Population dynamics of helminth parasites in wild and laboratory rodents.. J Anim Ecol. 1987; 17(3):95-103.
9. Lewis J. Helminth parasites of British rodents and insectivores.. J Anim Ecol. 1987; 17(3):81-93.
10. Mohtasebi S, Teimouri A, Mobedi I, Mohtasebi A, Abbasian H, Afshar MJA. Intestinal helminthic parasites of rodents in the central region of Iran: first report of a capillariid nematode from Dryomys nitedula. BMC Res Notes. 2020; 13(1):461.
11. Vieira FM, Luque JL, Muniz-Pereira LC. Checklist of helminth parasites in wild carnivore mammals from Brazil. Zootaxa. 2008; 1721(1):1-23.
12. Nateghpour M, Motevalli-Haghi A, Akbarzadeh K, et al. Endoparasites of wild rodents in southeastern Iran. J Arthropod Borne Dis. 2015; 9(1):1-6.
13. Hasanpor H, Mohebali A, Hajaran H, et al. A survey on zoonotic helminths of rats in northern parts of Khuzestan Province, Iran. J Ilam Uni Med Sci. 2013; 21(3):46-52.14.
14. Sajadi S, Massoud J, Sadjjadi S. Helminth parasites of wild rodents in Khuzestan Province, south west of Iran. Iran J Parasitol. 1999; 13(3):55-60.
15. Yousefi A, Eslami A, Mobedi I et al. Helminth infections of house mouse (Mus musulus) and wood mouse (Apodemus sylvaticus) from the suburban areas of Hamadan city, western Iran. Iran J Parasitol.2014; 9(4):511-8.
16. Mowlavi G. Study on the parasitic infections of rats in Tehran. MSPH Thesis School of public health and institute of public health research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 1991.p. 17-29.
17. Mohebali M, Rezaie H, Farahnak A, Nootash AK. A Survey on parasitic fauna (helminths and ectoparasites) of the rodents in Meshkin-Shahr district, north west Iran. J Vet Res. 1997; 52(3):23-25.
18. Mandla D, Singla N, Brar SK, Singla L. Diversity. Prevalence and Risk Assessment of Nematode Parasites in Tatera indica found in Punjab State. Indian J Anim Res..2021; 1(6):32-55.
19. Homayouni M. Study of helminth parasites of rodents city of Ahvaz and the surrounding areas Zoonotic importance of them. MA thesis Parasitology, Faculty of Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 2000. P. 3-67
20. Pakdel N, Naem S, Rezaei F, Chalehchaleh AA. A survey on helminthic infection in mice (Mus musculus) and rats (Rattus norvegicus and Rattus rattus) in Kermanshah, Iran. Vet Res Forum.2013; 4(2): 105–109.
21. Goldsmid J. The intestinal helminthzoonoses of primates in Rhodesia. Ann Soc Belge Med Trop. 1974; 2 (54):87-101.
22. Christoffersen M, De Assis JE. A systematic monograph of the Recent Pentastomida, with a compilation of their host.Zool Meded. 2013; 87(1): 38-56.
23. Moghadam GA, Jamali R, Niyazpour F. A survey on parasitic infestation (helminths and ectoparasites) of the rodents in Tabriz. J Vet Res. 2006; 61(3):265-268.
24. Kia EB, Shahryary-Rad E, Mohebali M, et al. Endoparasites of rodents and their zoonotic importance in Germi, Dashte-Mogan, Ardabil Province, Iran. Iran J Parasitol . 2010; 5(4):1-15.
25. Pavlović I, Ivetić V, Savić B, Radanović O, Žutić M, Ivanović S. Gastrointestinal strongilides of goats and sheep in Belgrade area. Proceedings of Research Papers. Bull Univ Agric Sci Vet. 2009; 72(2):24-7.
26. Eslami A, Meydani M, Maleki S, Zargarzadeh A. Gastrointestinal nematodes of wild sheep (Ovis orientalis) from Iran. J Wildl Dis.1979; 15(2):263-5.
27. Ghadirian E, Arfaa F. Infection of the porcupine (Histrix indica) with Trichostrongylus orientalis in the Caspian Sea Area, Iran. J Parasitol. 1972; 58(4) :66-7.
28. Ranjbar MJ, Sarkari B, Mowlavi GR, et al. Helminth infections of rodents and their zoonotic importance in Boyer-Ahmad District, Southwestern Iran. Iran J Parasitol. 2017; 12(4):572-579.
29. McKenna P. Checklist of helminth parasites of terrestrial mammals in New Zealand. New Zealand J Zool. 1997;24(4):277-90.
30. Kamranrashani B, Kia EB, Mobedi I, et al. Helminth parasites of Rhombomys opimus from Golestan Province, northeast Iran. Iran J Parasitol. 2013; 8(1):78-84.
31. Moradpour N, Borji H, Darvish J, Moshaverinia A, Mahmoudi A. Rodents helminth parasites in different region of Iran. Iran J Parasitol. 2018; 13(2):275-284.
32. Fasihi-Harandi M. Study on the fauna of parasites of wild rodents in northern Isfahan. MSPH Thesis School of public health and institute of public health research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 1992. P. 93-132.
33. Gholami S, Moabedi E, Shahabi S. Study of helmintic intestinal parasites in the rodents from the rural and central regions of Mazandaran province in the years 1997 to 1999. J Maz Univ Med Sci. 2002; 12(35):67-75.
34. Hamedi Y, Heydari M, Soleymani AM. Intestinal and blood parasites of brown Rats in Bandar Abbas. Hormozgan Medical Journal. 2003; 7(3):123-127
35. Hassanpour, H. Check helminth infections of rodents city of Bandar Abbas, Hormozgan Province. MA thesis with an emphasis on medical parasitology, parasiticZoonoses School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 2008. P. 13-62.
36. Shahryary-Rad E. The desert rodent study on helminth infections of Moghan Germi city. MA thesis Parasitology, Faculty of Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; 2007. P. 34-56
37. Mazhari N, Moosavi P, Mostafavi E, Esfandiari B, Mobedi I, Rahimi Esboei B, et al. Intestinal Parasitic Helminths of Rattus spp. in Caspian Sea Littoral, Iran. J Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases. 2019; 7(1):32-6.
38. Cho SC, Lee HL, Lee OY, et al. Hymenolepis nana infection of the colon in an adult male. Gastrointest Endosc. 2009; 70(4):784-5.
39. Gardner SL, Jasmer DP. Heligmosomoides thomomyos sp. n.(Nematoda: Heligmosomidae) from pocket gophers, Thomomys spp.(Rodentia: Geomyidae), in Oregon and California. Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington. 1983; 50:278-84.
40. Harris PD, Zaleśny G, Hildebrand J, et al. The Status of Heligmosomoides americanus, Representative of an American Clade of Vole-Infecting Nematodes. J Parasitol. 2015; 101(3):382-5.
41. Musah-Eroje M, Burton L, Behnke JM. The development of spicules in Heligmosomoides bakeri (Nematoda, Heligmosomidae). J Helminthol. 2021; 95:e45.
42. Azzam KM, El-Abd N, Abd El-Hady EA. Survey of Endoparasites of Different Rodent Species in Egypt. Egypt J Biol Pest Control. 2016; 26(4):23-56.
43. Elshazly AM, Awad SI, Azab MS, et al. Helminthes of synanthropic rodents (Rodentia: Muridae) from Dakahlia and Menoufia. Egypt J Egypt Soc Parasitol. 2008; 38(3):727-40.
2. Kia EB, Homayouni M, Farahnak A, Mohebali M, Shojai S. Study of endoparasites of rodents and their zoonotic importance in Ahvaz, south west Iran. Iran J Public Health. 2001; 30(1-2):49-52.
3. Rabiee MH, Mahmoudi A, Siahsarvie R, Kryštufek B, Mostafavi E. Rodent-borne diseases and their public health importance in Iran. PLoS Negl Tropl Dis. 2018; 4(12):e0006256.
4. Meerburg BG, Singleton GR, Kijlstra A. Rodent-borne diseases and their risks for public health. Crit Rev Microbiol. 2009; 35(3):221-70.
5. Webster J, Macdonald D. Parasites of wild brown rats (R. norvegicus) on UK farms. Parasitology. 1995; 111(03):247-55.
6. Khajeh A, Mohammadi Z, Darvish J, et al. A survey on endoparasites in wild rodents of the Jaz Murian depression and adjacent areas, southeast of Iran. J Parasit Dis.2018; 42(4):589-97.
7. Meshkekar M, Sadraei J, Mahmoodzadeh A, Mobedi I. Helminth Infections in Rattus ratus and Rattus norvigicus in Tehran, Iran. Iran J Parasitol. 2014; 9(4):548–552.
8. Scott M, Lewis J. Population dynamics of helminth parasites in wild and laboratory rodents.. J Anim Ecol. 1987; 17(3):95-103.
9. Lewis J. Helminth parasites of British rodents and insectivores.. J Anim Ecol. 1987; 17(3):81-93.
10. Mohtasebi S, Teimouri A, Mobedi I, Mohtasebi A, Abbasian H, Afshar MJA. Intestinal helminthic parasites of rodents in the central region of Iran: first report of a capillariid nematode from Dryomys nitedula. BMC Res Notes. 2020; 13(1):461.
11. Vieira FM, Luque JL, Muniz-Pereira LC. Checklist of helminth parasites in wild carnivore mammals from Brazil. Zootaxa. 2008; 1721(1):1-23.
12. Nateghpour M, Motevalli-Haghi A, Akbarzadeh K, et al. Endoparasites of wild rodents in southeastern Iran. J Arthropod Borne Dis. 2015; 9(1):1-6.
13. Hasanpor H, Mohebali A, Hajaran H, et al. A survey on zoonotic helminths of rats in northern parts of Khuzestan Province, Iran. J Ilam Uni Med Sci. 2013; 21(3):46-52.14.
14. Sajadi S, Massoud J, Sadjjadi S. Helminth parasites of wild rodents in Khuzestan Province, south west of Iran. Iran J Parasitol. 1999; 13(3):55-60.
15. Yousefi A, Eslami A, Mobedi I et al. Helminth infections of house mouse (Mus musulus) and wood mouse (Apodemus sylvaticus) from the suburban areas of Hamadan city, western Iran. Iran J Parasitol.2014; 9(4):511-8.
16. Mowlavi G. Study on the parasitic infections of rats in Tehran. MSPH Thesis School of public health and institute of public health research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 1991.p. 17-29.
17. Mohebali M, Rezaie H, Farahnak A, Nootash AK. A Survey on parasitic fauna (helminths and ectoparasites) of the rodents in Meshkin-Shahr district, north west Iran. J Vet Res. 1997; 52(3):23-25.
18. Mandla D, Singla N, Brar SK, Singla L. Diversity. Prevalence and Risk Assessment of Nematode Parasites in Tatera indica found in Punjab State. Indian J Anim Res..2021; 1(6):32-55.
19. Homayouni M. Study of helminth parasites of rodents city of Ahvaz and the surrounding areas Zoonotic importance of them. MA thesis Parasitology, Faculty of Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 2000. P. 3-67
20. Pakdel N, Naem S, Rezaei F, Chalehchaleh AA. A survey on helminthic infection in mice (Mus musculus) and rats (Rattus norvegicus and Rattus rattus) in Kermanshah, Iran. Vet Res Forum.2013; 4(2): 105–109.
21. Goldsmid J. The intestinal helminthzoonoses of primates in Rhodesia. Ann Soc Belge Med Trop. 1974; 2 (54):87-101.
22. Christoffersen M, De Assis JE. A systematic monograph of the Recent Pentastomida, with a compilation of their host.Zool Meded. 2013; 87(1): 38-56.
23. Moghadam GA, Jamali R, Niyazpour F. A survey on parasitic infestation (helminths and ectoparasites) of the rodents in Tabriz. J Vet Res. 2006; 61(3):265-268.
24. Kia EB, Shahryary-Rad E, Mohebali M, et al. Endoparasites of rodents and their zoonotic importance in Germi, Dashte-Mogan, Ardabil Province, Iran. Iran J Parasitol . 2010; 5(4):1-15.
25. Pavlović I, Ivetić V, Savić B, Radanović O, Žutić M, Ivanović S. Gastrointestinal strongilides of goats and sheep in Belgrade area. Proceedings of Research Papers. Bull Univ Agric Sci Vet. 2009; 72(2):24-7.
26. Eslami A, Meydani M, Maleki S, Zargarzadeh A. Gastrointestinal nematodes of wild sheep (Ovis orientalis) from Iran. J Wildl Dis.1979; 15(2):263-5.
27. Ghadirian E, Arfaa F. Infection of the porcupine (Histrix indica) with Trichostrongylus orientalis in the Caspian Sea Area, Iran. J Parasitol. 1972; 58(4) :66-7.
28. Ranjbar MJ, Sarkari B, Mowlavi GR, et al. Helminth infections of rodents and their zoonotic importance in Boyer-Ahmad District, Southwestern Iran. Iran J Parasitol. 2017; 12(4):572-579.
29. McKenna P. Checklist of helminth parasites of terrestrial mammals in New Zealand. New Zealand J Zool. 1997;24(4):277-90.
30. Kamranrashani B, Kia EB, Mobedi I, et al. Helminth parasites of Rhombomys opimus from Golestan Province, northeast Iran. Iran J Parasitol. 2013; 8(1):78-84.
31. Moradpour N, Borji H, Darvish J, Moshaverinia A, Mahmoudi A. Rodents helminth parasites in different region of Iran. Iran J Parasitol. 2018; 13(2):275-284.
32. Fasihi-Harandi M. Study on the fauna of parasites of wild rodents in northern Isfahan. MSPH Thesis School of public health and institute of public health research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 1992. P. 93-132.
33. Gholami S, Moabedi E, Shahabi S. Study of helmintic intestinal parasites in the rodents from the rural and central regions of Mazandaran province in the years 1997 to 1999. J Maz Univ Med Sci. 2002; 12(35):67-75.
34. Hamedi Y, Heydari M, Soleymani AM. Intestinal and blood parasites of brown Rats in Bandar Abbas. Hormozgan Medical Journal. 2003; 7(3):123-127
35. Hassanpour, H. Check helminth infections of rodents city of Bandar Abbas, Hormozgan Province. MA thesis with an emphasis on medical parasitology, parasiticZoonoses School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 2008. P. 13-62.
36. Shahryary-Rad E. The desert rodent study on helminth infections of Moghan Germi city. MA thesis Parasitology, Faculty of Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; 2007. P. 34-56
37. Mazhari N, Moosavi P, Mostafavi E, Esfandiari B, Mobedi I, Rahimi Esboei B, et al. Intestinal Parasitic Helminths of Rattus spp. in Caspian Sea Littoral, Iran. J Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases. 2019; 7(1):32-6.
38. Cho SC, Lee HL, Lee OY, et al. Hymenolepis nana infection of the colon in an adult male. Gastrointest Endosc. 2009; 70(4):784-5.
39. Gardner SL, Jasmer DP. Heligmosomoides thomomyos sp. n.(Nematoda: Heligmosomidae) from pocket gophers, Thomomys spp.(Rodentia: Geomyidae), in Oregon and California. Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington. 1983; 50:278-84.
40. Harris PD, Zaleśny G, Hildebrand J, et al. The Status of Heligmosomoides americanus, Representative of an American Clade of Vole-Infecting Nematodes. J Parasitol. 2015; 101(3):382-5.
41. Musah-Eroje M, Burton L, Behnke JM. The development of spicules in Heligmosomoides bakeri (Nematoda, Heligmosomidae). J Helminthol. 2021; 95:e45.
42. Azzam KM, El-Abd N, Abd El-Hady EA. Survey of Endoparasites of Different Rodent Species in Egypt. Egypt J Biol Pest Control. 2016; 26(4):23-56.
43. Elshazly AM, Awad SI, Azab MS, et al. Helminthes of synanthropic rodents (Rodentia: Muridae) from Dakahlia and Menoufia. Egypt J Egypt Soc Parasitol. 2008; 38(3):727-40.
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| Issue | Vol 17 No 1 (2022) | |
| Section | Original Article(s) | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.18502/ijpa.v17i1.9018 | |
| Keywords | ||
| Rodent Endoparasite Iran | ||
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How to Cite
1.
Mohammadi A, Bozorgomid A, Sedaghat MM, Mowlavi G, Abai MR, Mostafavi E. Assessment of the Endoparasite Fauna amongst the Rodents in Kurdistan Province, West of Iran. Iran J Parasitol. 2022;17(1):70-78.
