Symptomatic Leishmaniasis in an Italian Segugio Dog from Northeastern Romania: A Case Report
-
Oana Irina TANASE
,
Constantin DARABAN
,
Elena VELESCU
,
Dragos BOGHEAN
,
Florentina BOCANETI-DARABAN
Abstract
Leishmaniasis is a zoonotic parasitosis caused by a diphasic protozoan of the genus Leishmania. The dogs are considered the main domestic reservoir of L. infantum and its transmission occurs mainly through sand flies. We report the case of a 10 yr old Italian Segugio dog in Mar 2016 from Iasi County-Moldova Region, northeastern Romania, referred to a private clinic with progressive weight loss, dermal lesions over the muzzle, foot pads and over the right and left tarsal joints. The dog was born in Torino, Italy and transferred to Romania, with a history of regular travelling between these two countries. The physical examination revealed multiple cutaneous lesions with alopecia together with polyarthritis, lymphadenopathies, fatigue and weight loss. Neither fever or nor diarrhea were observed. The serological test (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) showed a positive result for Leishmaniasis. Light microscopy of the stained smears prepared from popliteal lymph node puncture failed to identify the amastigotes. The infection was treated using pentavalent antimonial therapy for eight weeks and Allopurinol for eight months. After nine months follow-up the dog presented with an improved body condition and no signs of recurrence.
Dumitrache MO, Nachum-Biala Y, Gilad M, Mircean V, Cazan DC, Mihalca AD, Baneth G. The quest for canine leishmaniasis in Romania: the presence of an autochthonous focus with subclinical infections in an area where disease occurred. Parasite Vectors. 2016; 9: 297.
Sabzevari S, Razmi G, Naghibi A, Khshnegah J. A study of visceral leishmaniasis in owned dogs with dermal lesions in Mashhad area, Khorasan Razavi province. Vet Res Forum. 2016; 7(1): 55-61.
Gradoni L. Epidemiological surveillance of leishmaniasis in the European Union: operational and research challenges. Euro Surveill. 2013; 18: 20539.
Mihailescu M, Niciloff D. Two cases of spontaneous canine leishmaniasis in Romania. Arhiva Vet. 1934; 26: 43-53.
Hamel D, Silaghi C, Lescai D, Pfister K. Epidemiological aspects on vector-borne infections in stray and pet dogs from Romania and Hungary with focus on Babesia spp. Parasitol Res. 2012; 110: 1537–1545.
Mircean V, Dumitrache MO, Mircean M, Bolfa P, Gyorke A, Mihalca AD. Autochthonous canine leishmaniasis in Romania: neglected or (re) emerging. Parasit Vectors. 2014; 7: 135.
Gogoase MG, Teodorescu I, Preda C, Ionescu SC. Two case reports on visceral leishmaniasis diagnosed in Romania. Roum Arch Microbiol Immunol. 2013; 72: 49-62.
Barbieri CL. Immunology of canine leishmaniasis. Parasite Immunol. 2006; 28: 329–337.
Cortese L, Annunziatella M, Palatucci AT, Rubino V, Piantedosi D, Di Loria A, Ruggiero G, Ciaramella P, Terrazzano G. Regulatory T cells, Cytotoxic T lymphocytes and a TH1 cytokine profile in dogs naturally infected by Leishmania infantum. Res Vet Sci. 2013; 95: 942–949.
Maia C, Campino L. Methods for diagnosis of canine leishmaniasis and immune response to infection. Vet Parasitol. 2008; 158: 274–287.
Ciaramella P, Corona M. Leishmaniasis: clinical and diagnostic aspects. Compendium. 2003; 25: 358-368.
Trevisan DAC, Lonardoni MVC, Demarchi IG. Diagnostic methods to cutaneous leishmaiasis detection in domestic dogs and cats. An Bras Dermatol. 2015; 90(6): 868-872.
Baneth G, Koutinas AF, Solano-Gallego L, Bourdeau P, Ferrer L. Canine leishmaniosis-new concepts and insights on an expanding zoonosis: part one. Trends Parasitol. 2008; 24(7): 324–30.
Solano-Gallego L, Miró G, Koutinas A, Cardoso L, Pennisi MG. LeishVet guidelines for the practical management of canine leishmaniosis. Parasit Vectors. 2011; 4(1): 86.
Maia C, Cardoso L. Spread of Leishmania infantum in Europe with dog travelling. Vet Parasitol. 2015; 123(1-2): 2-11.
Fakhar M, Rahmati B, Gohardehi S, Mohebali M, Akhoundi B, Sharif M, Mahdavi S. Molecular and seroepidemiological survey of visceral leishmaniasis among humans and domestic dogs in Mazandaran Province, North of Iran. Iranian J Parasitol. 2011; 6(4): 51-59.
Bamorovat M, Sharifi I, Mohammadi M, Fasihi Harandi , Mohebali M, Malekpour Afshar R, Babaei Z, Ziaali N, Aflatoonian MR. Canine visceral leishmaniasis in Kerman, Southeast of Iran: a seroepidemiological, histopathological and molecular study. Iranian J Parasitol. 2014; 9(3): 342-349.
Kaszak I, Planellas M, Dworecka-Kaszak B. Canine leishmaniosis - an emerging disease. Ann Parasitol. 2015; 61(2): 69-76.
Silvestirini P, Batchelor D, Allenspach K, Maunder C, Seth M, Mas A, Hill T, Serrano G, Roura X, Planellas M, German AJ, Pastor J. Clinical leishmaniasis in dogs living in the Uk. J Small Anim Practice. 2016; DOI: 10.1111/jsap.12503.
Roura X, Miro G, Sainz A, Estrada-Peña A, Solano Gallego L. 2015. Leishmaniosis canina y felina en España y Portugal. Merial, 2015. Barcelona.
Arruda MM, Figueiredo FB, Marcelino AP, Barbosa JR, Werneck GL, Noronha EF, Romero GAS. Sensitivity and specificity of parallel orr serial serological testing for detection of canine Leishmania infection. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro. 2016; 111: 168-173.
Oliva G, Roura X, Crotti A, Maroli M, Castagnaro M, Gradoni L, Lubas G, Paltrinieri S, Zatelli A, Zini E. 2010. Guidelines for treatment of leishmaniasis in dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2010; 236(11):1192-8.
| Files | ||
| Issue | Vol 13 No 4 (2018) | |
| Section | Case Report(s) | |
| Keywords | ||
| Leishmaniasis Segugio Serology | ||
| Rights and permissions | |
|
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
