Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Parasitology 1735-7020 6 1 2011 03 15 1 11 EN H Mahmoudvand Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, ehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran M Mohebali Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, ehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran I Sharifi Dermatology and LeishmaniasisN Research Centre, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran H Keshavarz Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, ehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran H Hajjaran Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, ehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran B Akhoundi Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, ehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran S Jahanbakhsh Dermatology and LeishmaniasisN Research Centre, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran M Zarean Dermatology and LeishmaniasisN Research Centre, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran A Javadi Department of Pathology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran 2015 10 03 Background: Visceral leishmaniasis (kala-azar) is an endemic disease in some areas of Iran. A cross- sectional study was conducted for sero-epidemiological survey of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in Baft district from Kerman Province, southeast of Iran. Methods: Blood samples  were  collected  from children  up to 12 years old and 10% of adult population from Baft villages with a multi-stage randomized cluster sampling. In addition, blood samples were collected from 30 domestic dogs from the same areas. All the collected blood sam­ples were tested by direct agglutination test (DAT) for the detection of anti-Leishmania  antibod­ies in both human and dog using the cut-off value of ≥1:3200 and ≥ 1:320, respectively. Parasitologi­cal, molecular, and pathological were performed on infected dogs. Chi-square and Fisher exact tests were used to compare sero-prevalence values. Results: From 1476 collected human serum samples, 23 (1.55%) showed anti-Leishmania antibod­ies at titers of 1:800 and 1:1600 whereas 14 (0.95%) showed anti-Leishmania infantum antibodies at titers of   ≤ 1:3200.  No statistically significant difference was found between male (1.18 %) and female (0.69%) sero-prevalence (P=0.330). Children of 5-8 years showed the high­est sero-prevalence rate (3.22%).  Seven out of 30 domestic dogs (23%) showed anti-Leishmania antibodies at titers ≤1:320. Leishmania infantum was identified in five infected dogs by nested - PCR assay. Conclusion: It seems that visceral leishmaniasis is being endemic in southern villages of Baft district, southeast of Iran. https://ijpa.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijpa/article/view/159 https://ijpa.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijpa/article/download/159/158

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Parasitology 1735-7020 6 1 2011 03 15 12 19 EN H Rahimi Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran SM Sadjjadi Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran B Sarkari Center of Basic Researches in Infectious Diseases, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran 2015 10 03 Background: The aim of this study was to assess the performance of Antigen B (AgB) isolated from different Echinococcus granulosus intermediate hosts and from different cyst locations for immu­nodiagnosis of human cystic echinococcosis (CE). Methods: Hydatid cyst fluids were collected from lung and liver cysts of sheep, liver cysts of goats, lung cysts of camels and cattle, and liver cysts of human. AgB was purified from each of these hydatid cysts fluids. Serum samples obtained from 47 pathologically confirmed cases of CE along with 30 sera samples from non-CE patients and 40 sera from healthy individuals were tested by ELISA using AgB prepared from different hosts or cyst locations. Results: The highest sensitivity (97.8%) for diagnosis of CE was seen with AgB prepared from hu­man liver cysts. This maximal sensitivity was followed by AgB isolated from those of sheep liver and lung cysts. The least sensitivity was found with AgB prepared from bovine lung cysts. The highest specificities (97.1%) were observed with AgB isolated from human liver cysts fol­lowed by those of sheep and goat liver cysts while the lowest specificity was seen with AgB iso­lated from bovine lung cysts.  In view of the specificities and sensitivities of the different AgB, the best validity was found for AgB prepared from human liver cysts while the least validity was found with AgB prepared from bovine lung cysts.  Conclusion: For any AgB-based tests, obtaining of the antigen from one of these sources will signifi­cantly increase the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of the assay. https://ijpa.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijpa/article/view/160 https://ijpa.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijpa/article/download/160/159

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Parasitology 1735-7020 6 1 2011 03 15 20 27 EN K Manouchehri Naeini Department of Parasitology, Mycology and Entomology, School of Medicines, Shahr-e-kord University of Medical Science, Shahr-e-kord, Iran M Asadi Department of Parasitology, Mycology and Entomology, School of Medicines, Shahr-e-kord University of Medical Science, Shahr-e-kord, Iran M Hashemzade Chaleshtori Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Shahr-e-kord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord,Iran 2015 10 03 Background: The aim of this study was to detect and characterize Cryptosporidium spp. in water sam­ples collected from recreational ponds of Chaharmahal va Bakhtiyari Province of Iran . Meth­ods: Thirty water samples were collected  from November 2009 to May 2010. Each sample con­tained 10 liters of water. We used the SSU rRNA-based PCR-RFLP technique. Results: Out of thirty samples examined, 6 (20%) were positive for different Cryptosporidium spp. Restriction pattern analysis showed that C. parvum has been the most prevalent genotype, fol­lowed by C. hominis  and C. canis , respectively. In this area, the higher prevalence of C. par­vum compared with other genotypes is consistent with the distribution of cattle. Conclusion: Farm animals, particularly cattle arethe main source of cryptosporidial contamina­tion for recreational waters in this area. https://ijpa.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijpa/article/view/161 https://ijpa.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijpa/article/download/161/160

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Parasitology 1735-7020 6 1 2011 03 15 28 33 EN S Jafar pour Azami Dept of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran H Keshavarz Dept of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran M Rezaian Dept of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran M Mohebali Dept of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran S Shojaee Dept of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2015 10 03 Background: Toxoplasmosis is a worldwide endemic disease. In congenitally infected infants and AIDS patients, toxoplasmosis causes high rates of morbidity and mortality. In these cases antibody detection is difficult; so detection of parasite or its components could be useful tool for early detection and following treatment of the infection. Methods: Sixty-three BALB/c mice were injected intra-peritoneal with 5×103 tachyzoites of Toxoplasma gondii RH strain, nine mice were sacrificed daily for 7 days. Fourteen mice were in­jected with phosphate buffer saline as control group. Dot-ELISA was performed for detection of T.gondii antigen in mice sera and capture - ELISA was done as golden standard assay too. Results : Toxoplasma gondii antigen was detected from day 2 in mice sera ; 22% of mice sera on day 2, 33% on day 3,77% on day 4 and 100% on day 5 till their death on day 7 had shown antigene­mia by dot - ELISA, no positive result was detected in control mice by dot- ELISA. Conclusion: Dot-ELISA is a sensitive method for diagnosis of T. gondii infection in the animal model; also, this technique is more rapid and easy to perform method in comparison with cap­ture-ELISA. https://ijpa.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijpa/article/view/162 https://ijpa.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijpa/article/download/162/161

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Parasitology 1735-7020 6 1 2011 03 15 34 40 EN S Gaherwal Department of Biotechnology, Govt. Holkar Science College, Indore (M.P.) India MM Prakash Department of Biotechnology, Govt. Holkar Science College, Indore (M.P.) India 2015 10 03 Background: Immunological response of host and parasite play a key role in developing vaccina­tion and immunization. The present study deals with the immune response and effecter mechanism, which was confirmed by migration inhibition factor (MIF).  Methods: The present work was conducted in Parasitological Lab of Postgraduate Department of Zool­ogy, Government Holkar Science College, Indore (M.P.) during 2006-2007. For MIF assay, lymphocytes were separated from heparinized blood of experimental and control mice. Aliquots of cell suspension were placed in four wells cut in a preparation of agarose in a Petri dish.  Two wells were filled with soluble test antigen, while rest two wells were filled with medium (control wells). Petri dish was incubated overnight at 37 °C in a humidified environment at 5% CO2 in air. Cells migrated under the agarose in a circle were fixed and stained. Diameters of the migration areas were measured with ocular micrometer. Result: MIF reaction was maximum (44.2%) in the group IVEgESAg5 and minimum (10.8%) in the group IVASoAg1. The maximum MIF reaction was shown by eggs ES antigen and least by adult worm somatic antigen. The interesting observation was that migration inhibition increases as dose increased or we could say the reaction was dose dependent Conclusion: Increased value of MIF response in vaccinated mice suggested the involvement of lymphocytes in cell-mediated immunity. This study also proves that excretory-secretory (ES) anti­gen of eggs from Trichuris muris was more effective in imparting immunity in mice. https://ijpa.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijpa/article/view/163 https://ijpa.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijpa/article/download/163/162

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Parasitology 1735-7020 6 1 2011 03 15 41 48 EN H Mahmoudzadeh-Niknam Dept. of Immunology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran F Abrishami Dept. of Immunology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran M Doroudian Dept. of Immunology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran M Moradi Dept. of Immunology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran MH Alimohammadian Dept. of Immunology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran P Parvizi Dept. of Parasitology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran GhR Hatam Dept. of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran M Mohebali Dept. of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran V Khalaj Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran 2015 10 03 Background: Leishmaniasis is endemic in Iran. Different species of Leishmania (L.) parasites are causative agents of this disease. Correct identification of Leishmania species is important for clinical studies, prevention, and control of the diseases. Mix up of Leishmania isolates is possible in the laboratory, so there is need for verification of species for isolates of uncertain identity. Different methods may be used for this purpose including isoenzyme electrophoresis and molecular methods. The isoenzyme electrophoresis, due to its drawbacks, is feasible only in specialized laboratories while molecular methods may be more feasible. The aim of this research was to study the application of the internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) sequencing method, in comparison to isoenzyme electrophoresis method, for verification of Leishmania species.  Methods: Six Leishmania isolates were received from different research institutions in Iran. The species of these isolates were known by donating institution according to their isoenzyme profile. The species of these isolates were re-identified in Pasteur Institute of Iran by PCR amplification of ITS1 followed by sequencing and comparison of these sequences with Leishmania sequences in GenBank. Isoenzyme electrophoresis was performed for confirmation of the results of ITS1. Results: ITS1 sequence showed that some isolates were mixed up or contaminated with Crithidia. Isoenzyme electrophoresis confirmed the results of ITS1 sequences. Conclusion: ITS1 sequencing is relatively more feasible than thetraditional isoenzyme electrophoresis method and is suggested for verification of Leishmania specie. https://ijpa.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijpa/article/view/164 https://ijpa.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijpa/article/download/164/163

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Parasitology 1735-7020 6 1 2011 03 15 49 57 EN CB Ould Ahmed Salem Institut National de Recherche en Santé Publique, BP BP 695 Nouakchott – Mauritanie F Schneegans Centre National d’Elevage et de Recherche Vétérinaire, BP 167 Nouakchott, Mauritanie JY Chollet Centre National d’Elevage et de Recherche Vétérinaire, BP 167 Nouakchott, Mauritanie MH et Jemli Ecole Nationale de Médecine Vétérinaire Sidi Thabet, 2020, Tunisie https://ijpa.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijpa/article/view/188 https://ijpa.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijpa/article/download/188/187

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Parasitology 1735-7020 6 3 2011 09 15 60 65 EN S Tolouei Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran SJ Hasheminia Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran M Narimani Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran A Khamesipour Center for Research and Training in Skin Diseases and Leprosy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran MA Shatalebi School of Pharmacy, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran SH Hejazi Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran 2015 10 03 Background: Based on the efficacy of paromomycin ointment and recent ongoing clinical trials of combination of paromomycin and gentamicin, a new physical form of films of the paromomy­cin and gentamicin was prepared and anti-Leishmania activities of the prepared films were as­sessed in vitro and in vivo. Methods: Paromomycin 15% and gentamicin 0.5% was incorporated in a film using ethyl cellu­lose and HPMC (Hydroxyl Propyl Methyl Cellulose). In order to assess the drug release and anti-Leishmania activities of the preparation, a clone L. major parasite was established using a set of modified NNN medium without overlay liquid layer. Therapeutic effects of the films were evalu­ated using Balb/c mice model. The mice were inoculated with 2×106 L. major promastigotes (MRHO/IR/75/ER) and then when the lesions developed the mice were randomly divided in 3 groups, 10 mice per group, and treated with either perpetrated films or placebo for 28 days or left untreated. Results: Growth inhibition of cloned promastigotes showed that the films have enough releasing capacity and in vivo system, the films containing paromomycin and gentamicin was able to re­duce the lesion size and induced complete cure in 80% of the mice but relapse was seen in 60% of the cured mice and overall 50% cure rate was seen during 20 weeks period of the study. Conclusion: It seems that the prepared films might be further used in human clinical trials. https://ijpa.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijpa/article/view/189 https://ijpa.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijpa/article/download/189/188

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Parasitology 1735-7020 6 3 2011 09 15 66 73 EN J Pazooki Department of Marine Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, G. C., Tehran, Iran F Tajbakhsh Goorabzarmakhi Department of Marine Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, G. C., Tehran, Iran M Masoumian Department of Fish Diseases, Iranian Fisheries Research and Training Organization, Tehran, Iran 2015 10 03 Background: In Anzali Lagoon, there are some endemic and exotic fishes. The present study was conducted to compare the parasitic fauna of Blicca bjeorkna, as an endemic fish and Hemicul­ter leucisculus, as an introduced fish to the lagoon. Methods: A parasitological investigation was done on 78 specimens of B. bjoerkna and 114 of H. leu­cisculus. The fishes were collected from August 2009 to April 2010 by the electro fishing from Anzali Lagoon. Results: Eleven parasites species were found in 192 fish samples. The prevalence and mean inten­sity of parasites in each host were as follows: Parasites from B. bjorkna were  Trichodina perforata (53.85%); Myxobolus musayevi (27.19%, 1±0.79); Dactylogyrus difformis (88.05%, 8±7.24) and D. sphyrna (5.18%, 0.95±0.51), Diplostomum spataceum (98.72%, 9.51±9.01), Post­hodiplostomum cuticula (15.38%, 4.25±2.5), Ripidocotyle sp. (1.28%, 2±0.74); Contracaecum osculatum (17.95%, 1.64±0.79), Philometra rischta (12.8%, 1.4±0.54), and Raphidascaris acus (1.04%, 0.03±0.26). The H. leucisculus were infected with T. perforata (27.19%), D. spataceum (7.89%, 1.33±0.54), Ps. tomentosa (7.02%, 1.62±0.49) and R. acus (0.88%, 3±0.28). B. bjoerkna was presented as a new host for M. musayevi and C. osculatum, while H. leucisculus was intro­duced as a new host for T. perforata and Ps. tomentosa. Conclusion: The prevalence of parasites was significantly more in native fish than that of exotic fish (P<0.05). This reduction in parasitic infection in H. leucisculus may be due to its immune system resistance, well adaptation to the new environment, host-specific limitation for endemic parasites and disability of introduced parasite to complete its life cycle in the new host as well. https://ijpa.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijpa/article/view/190 https://ijpa.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijpa/article/download/190/189

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Parasitology 1735-7020 6 3 2011 09 15 74 81 EN MJ Gharavi Department of Medical Parasitology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Research Institute for Islamic & Complementary Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran M Nobakht Department of Histology and Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences,Tehran, Iran AND Research institute for Islamic & Complementary Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran, Iran SH Khademvatan Department of Parasitology, Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran E Bandani Fculty of Allied Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran M Bakhshayesh Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran M Roozbehani Fculty of Allied Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2015 10 03 Background: The study was aimed to show the effect of molecular mechanism of Aqueous Garlic Extract (AGE) on expression of IFNγ and iNOS genes in Leishmania major. Methods: Leishmania major promastigotes (MRHO/IR/75/ER) were added to the in-vitro cultured J774 cell line, the cells were incubated for 72 hours. Various concentrations of garlic extract (9.25, 18.5, 37, 74, 148 mg/ml) were added to the infected cells. MTT assay was applied for cellular proliferation. After 72 hours of incubation, supernatants were collected and total RNA was extracted from the infected cells. The express of IFNγ and iNOS genes were studied by RT-PCR method. Results: The colorimetric MTT assay after 3 days of incubation showed cytotoxic effect of garlic extract with an IC50 of 37 mg/ml. In addition, IFNγ and iNOS genes expression by RT-PCR indicated that garlic extract lead to over expression of these genes in J774  cell line infected with L. major. Conclusion: Garlic extract exerts cytotoxic effect on infected J774 cell line. In addition, the hypothesis that garlic can improve cellular immunity with raising the expression of IFNγ and of iNOS genes con­firmed. https://ijpa.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijpa/article/view/191 https://ijpa.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijpa/article/download/191/190

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Parasitology 1735-7020 6 3 2011 09 15 82 88 EN R Ghasemikhah Dept. of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran H Mirhendi Dept. of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND National Institute of Health Research, Tehran, Iran EB Kia Dept. of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Gh Mowlavi Dept. of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran H Sarmadian Dept. of Infectious Diseases, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran B Meshgi Dept. of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran B Golestan Dept. of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran I Mobedi Dept. of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2015 10 03 Backgrounds: Genus Trichostrongylus (Nematoda: Trichostrongylidae) is one of the most impor­tant zoonotic nematodes with wide geographic distribution in the world. The purpose of the present study was to describe morphological and morphometrical characteristics of male Trichostrongylus species, currently prevalent in domestic ruminants of Khuzestan Province, south­west Iran. Methods: Gastro-intestinal organs of 1600 sheep, goats, cattle, and buffalos, slaughtered in Khuzestan Province, southwest Iran, were examined for infectivity with Trichostrongylus spe­cies. For examination and measurements of helminthes, Azo-carmine staining was per­formed, followed by camera lucida drawings of morphological characters and measurements of morphometrical criteria with a calibrated microscope. Using valid nematodes systematic keys, almost all the parasites were identified at the level of species. Results: Overall, 114 animals were found infected with at least one species of Trichostrongy­lus. Considering morphological characteristics of male Trichostrongylus, six species were identi­fied including T. colubriformis, T. vitrinus, T. probolorus, T. capricola, T. longispicu­laris and   Trichostrongylus sp. Conclusion: Although, compared to the previous decades, currently Trichostrongylus is much less prevalent in the domestic ruminants of the study area, but still different species occur in these animals.  https://ijpa.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijpa/article/view/192 https://ijpa.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijpa/article/download/192/191

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Parasitology 1735-7020 6 3 2011 09 15 89 95 EN S Nabian Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Iran K Ahmadi Veterinary Organization of Iran, Tehran, Iran MH Nazem Shirazi Veterinary Organization of Iran, Tehran, Iran A Gerami Sadeghian Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Iran 2015 10 03 Background: Nosemosis of European honey bee (Apis mellifera) is present in bee colonies world­wide. Until recently, Nosema apis had been regarded as the causative agent of the disease, that causes heavy economic losses in apicultures. Nosema ceranae is an emerging microsporidian para­site of European honeybees, A. mellifera, but its distribution is not well known. Previously, nosemosis in honeybees in Iran was attributed exclusively to N. apis. Methods: Six Nosema positive samples (determined from light microscopy of spores) of adult worker bees from one province of Iran (Savadkouh- Mazandaran, northern Iran) were tested to determine Nosema species using previously- developed PCR primers of the 16 S rRNA gene. As it is difficult to distinguish N. ceranae and N. apis morphologically, a PCR assay based on 16 S ribosomal RNA has been used to differentiate N. apis and N. ceranae. Results: Only N. ceranae was found in all samples, indicating that this species present in Iran apiar­ies. Conclusion: This is the first report of N. ceranae in colonies of A. mellifera in Iran. It seems that intensive surveys are needed to determine the distribution and prevalence of N. ceranae in differ­ent regions of Iran. https://ijpa.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijpa/article/view/193 https://ijpa.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijpa/article/download/193/192

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Parasitology 1735-7020 6 3 2011 09 15 96 100 EN A Eslami Department of Parasitology, School of Specialized veterinary Sciences, Sciences and Researches Unit, Islamic Azad University, Fellow, Academy of Sciences, Iran H Sabokroo Veterinary Surgeon, Bandar-Abbas, Iran SH Ranjbar- Bahadori Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Azad Islamic University, Garmsar Branch Garmsar, Iran 2015 10 03 Background:  The aim of this paper was to study the prevalence and intensity of Anisakids lar­vae in the long tail tuna fish captured from Iranian shores of Persian Gulf. Methods: Different organs including skin, abdominal cavity, stomach and intestinal contents, stom­ach sub serous tissues, liver, spleen, gonads and 20 grams of muscles of 100 long tail tuna fish (Thannus tonggol) caught from waters of the north parts of Persian Gulf were searched for anisakid nematodes larvae. Twenty grams of around the body cavity muscles were digested in artificial gastric juice. Different organs and digested muscles were examined with naked eyes for the presence of anisakids larvae. The collected larvae were preserved in 70% alcohol containing 5% glycerin, and cleared in lactophenol for identification. Results: Our findings revealed that 89% of fish harbored 3rd stage larvae of Anisakis sp. of which 2% were infected with both Anisakis and Raphidascaris. All inspected organs except that of skin were found to be infected, while stomach sub serous tissues were the most infected organ (80%) followed by abdominal cavity (10%), liver (4%), testicle (3%), stomach contents and  spleen (2%) and intestinal contents (1%). Intestine and abdominal cavity were the organs har­bored Raphidascaris sp. Digested muscles were free of parasite.  Mean intensity was low for both spe­cies and ranged between 1.5 for Raphidascaris sp. and   3.67 for Anisaki sp. Conclusion: Anisakids larvae especially Anisakis are very prevalent in some fish including tunas of Persian Gulf, and consumption of infected fish if it is not properly cooked may lead to human anisakiasis. https://ijpa.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijpa/article/view/194 https://ijpa.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijpa/article/download/194/193

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Parasitology 1735-7020 6 3 2011 09 15 101 106 EN Z Valadkhani Dept. of Parasitology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran F Kazemi Dept. of Parasitology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran N Hassan Dept. of Parasitology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran Z Aghighi Dept. of Parasitology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran I Esmaili Tehran Prison HQ, Research Council of Tehran, Iran M Talebi