Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Parasitology 1735-7020 20 4 2025 12 07 524 533 Mitra Salehi Vector-Borne Diseases Research Center, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran Akbar Solati Department of English, School of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran Sharare Gholizad Social Development and Health Promotion Research Center, School of Medicine, Student Research Committee, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran Nasim Khajavian Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Health, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran Jafar Hajavi Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Infectious Diseases Research Center, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran 2025 06 01 2025 12 07 Background: We aimed to investigate the seroepidemiology of Toxoplasma gondii infection among women of childbearing age in Gonabad City, northeastern Iran, to assess the prevalence of infection and identify associated risk factors. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from March to April 2022 in Gonabad, Khorasan Razavi Province, northeastern Iran. A total of 320 blood samples were collected from consenting pregnant women. Each participant provided 5 mL of blood for serological analysis to detect anti-Toxoplasma IgG and IgM antibodies. Demographic and behavioral data were collected using a structured questionnaire. Results: The mean age of participants was 29.74 ± 10.9 years. Of the 320 samples, 58 (18.12%) tested positive for anti-Toxoplasma IgG antibodies, while 1 (0.3%) tested positive for IgM antibodies. In addition, 81.9% of participants were seronegative. No significant associations were observed between anti-Toxoplasma antibodies and marital status, education level, vegetable washing practices, egg cooking methods, milk consumption, or fertility status. However, significant correlations were found between seropositivity and contact with cats (P= 0.01) and meat consumption (P< 0.05). Conclusion: The majority of women of childbearing age in Gonabad remain susceptible to T. gondii infection, highlighting the risk of primary infection during pregnancy. To mitigate the risk of congenital toxoplasmosis, serological screening for Toxoplasma infection is recommended for women of childbearing age, coupled with targeted health education on transmission routes and preventive measures. https://ijpa.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijpa/article/view/4625 https://ijpa.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijpa/article/download/4625/1461