Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Parasitology 1735-7020 18 3 2023 09 22 408 413 Noor Nihad Baqer Water and Environment Directorate, Ministry of Science and Technology, Baghdad, Iraq Ahmed Mohammed AL-Salam Hospital, Ministry of Health, Mosul, Iraq Bassad AL-Aboody Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Thi-Qar, Nasiriyah, Iraq Abdullah Ismail Public Health Laboratory, Ministry of Health, Mosul, Iraq 2022 09 23 2022 12 26 We diagnosed a case report of amoebic meningoencephalitis by Naegleria fowleri. This case represented the first recording in Iraq where it was not recording previously. This case was diagnosed after the death of an 18-year-old girl patient who lived in a rural area of Mosul in Iraq. Genetics detection of N. fowleri showed PCR product was 183bp for 18S rRNA gene. It was registered as the first recording of Iraqi isolate N. fowleri in GenBank with accession number OP380864.1. It is necessary to examine microscopically the cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) to observe the amoeba stages and exclude the bacterial causative. Rapid diagnosis may help in the treatment of amoebic meningoencephalitis. In addition, genetic identification can diagnose amoeba. Avoiding swimming or using freshwater contributes to prevent amoebic meningoencephalitis infection. https://ijpa.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijpa/article/view/3741 https://ijpa.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijpa/article/download/3741/1315