Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Parasitology 1735-7020 17 1 2022 03 14 101 104 Nelli Tumolskaya Martsinovsky Institute оf Medical Parasitology, Trорiсаl, and Vесtоr-Воrnе Diseases, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russian Fеdеrаtiоn Vladimir Sergiev Martsinovsky Institute оf Medical Parasitology, Trорiсаl, and Vесtоr-Воrnе Diseases, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russian Fеdеrаtiоn Olga Zelya Martsinovsky Institute оf Medical Parasitology, Trорiсаl, and Vесtоr-Воrnе Diseases, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russian Fеdеrаtiоn Valerij Zavoikin Martsinovsky Institute оf Medical Parasitology, Trорiсаl, and Vесtоr-Воrnе Diseases, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russian Fеdеrаtiоn 2021 08 26 2021 11 02 Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a self-curing skin infection distributed in tropics and subtropics. Up to one million cases of CL appeared in endemic areas a year. Leishmanization (artificially controlled infections) was widely used to control cutaneous leishmaniasis in the past. Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common epithelial neoplasm of the skin. Cases of BCC developing in a leishmanial scar have been documented. We present the first case of confirmed basal cell carcinoma arising in 2020 in an 81-old physician working in Moscow (Russian Federation) in a leishmanial scar.  It was 50 years after the primary lesion due to a successful leishmanization, widely used to control cutaneous leishmaniasis in the past. https://ijpa.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijpa/article/view/3434 https://ijpa.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijpa/article/download/3434/1201