Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Parasitology 1735-7020 16 4 2021 11 24 567 575 EN Herintha Neitzke-Abreu 1. Postgraduate Program of Health Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brazil 2. Postgraduate Program of Health Sciences, Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Dourados, MS, Brazil Rhuan Caetano Departament of Clinical Analysis and Biomedicine, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brazil Kárin Reinhold-Castro Postgraduate Program of Health Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brazil Manoel Sebastião Lima-Junior Department of Immunology, Aggeu Magalhães Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Recife, PE, Brazil Wagner Santos Department of Immunology, Aggeu Magalhães Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Recife, PE, Brazil Gessilda de Melo 1. Departament of Clinical Analysis and Biomedicine, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brazil 2. Postgraduate Program of Biosciences and Pathophysiology, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brazil Roberto Cuman 1. Postgraduate Program of Health Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brazil 2. Postgraduate Program of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brazil Sandra Aristides 1. Postgraduate Program of Health Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brazil 2. Departament of Clinical Analysis and Biomedicine, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brazil Thais Silveira 1. Postgraduate Program of Health Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brazil 2. Departament of Clinical Analysis and Biomedicine, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brazil Maria Lonardoni 1. Postgraduate Program of Health Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brazil 2. Departament of Clinical Analysis and Biomedicine, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brazil 3. Postgraduate Program of Biosciences and Pathophysiology, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brazil 2021 03 26 2021 05 17 Background: We aimed to determine the cellular recruitment (leukocyte rolling and adhesion) by which the Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis, L. (Leishmania) amazonensis, and L. (Leishmania) major species in the mesenteric microcirculation of BALB/c mice. Methods: Five experimental groups were considered: group 1 (L. braziliensis); group 2 (L. amazonensis); group 3 (L. major); group 4 (control group with PBS); group 5 (negative control group), analyzed 3, 6, 12, and 24 h after parasite inoculation. Results: Infections by the different Leishmania species caused an increase in the number of rolling leukocytes: L. braziliensis a peak at 6 h; L. amazonensis and L. major a peak at 3 h. The Leishmania infections induced leukocyte adhesion: L. major and L. amazonensis showed an increase after 3 and 6 h, respectively. Conclusion: The kinetics of cellular recruitment in Leishmania infections, leading to infection susceptibility or resistance, indicates that distinct mechanisms regulate the initial response to Leishmania infection and determine its course. https://ijpa.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijpa/article/view/3303 https://ijpa.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijpa/article/download/3303/1171