Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Parasitology 1735-7020 14 3 2019 09 18 444 452 EN Loeki Enggar FITRI Department of Parasitology, Malaria Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia Annisa ALKARIMAH Master Program in Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia Alfian Wika CAHYONO Master Program in Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia Wahyudha Ngatiril LADY Labarotory of Biomedic, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia Agustina Tri ENDHARTI Department of Parasitology, Malaria Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia Rivo Yudhinata Brian NUGRAHA Department of Parasitology, Malaria Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia 2018 07 06 2019 09 18 Background: Malaria eradication has been complicated by the repeated emergence of antimalarial drug resistances. We aimed to determine whether a metabolite extract of Streptomyces hygrocopicus subsp. hygroscopicus could decrease the viability of Plasmodium falciparum 3D7 in vitro. Methods: S. hygroscopicus subsp. hygroscopicus isolates were inoculated and fermented on the ISP4 medium. The fermented S. hygroscopicus was mixed with ethylacetate 1:5 (v/v), and the solvent phase was evaporated. Several concentrations of isolated extract was added to the P. falciparum 3D7 culture containing trophozoite and schizont stages in 24 wells plates when the degree of parasite-infected erythrocytes reached 5%, then incubated for 8 hours. DNA parasite density was measured using flow cytometry, parasite degree and morphology were observed under microscopic by Giemsa-stained smears.  Results: The metabolite extract affected the morphology of almost all of parasite asexual stages. Schizonts and trophozoites failed to grow and appeared damaged with pycnotic cores and loss of cytoplasmic content. At 8 hours there was a significant decrease in DNA parasite density in culture exposed to 2.6 mg/ml and 13 mg/ml (P = 0.002; P = 0.024) of the extract. The degree of parasite-infected erythrocytes was decreased from the beginning of exposure (0.02 mg/ml of the extract). There was a significant inverse correlation between the concentration of extract and the degree of parasite-infected erythrocytes as well as the density of DNA parasite (r = -0.772, P = 0.000; r =-0.753; P =0.000). Conclusion: Metabolite extract of S. hygroscopicus subsp. hygroscopicus causes morphological damage, decreases the degree of parasite-infected erythrocytes and the DNA density of P. falciparum 3D7 in vitro. https://ijpa.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijpa/article/view/2237 https://ijpa.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijpa/article/download/2237/969