Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Parasitology 1735-7020 7 1 2012 03 15 1 17 EN A Dalimi Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran A Abdoli Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran 2015 10 03 Toxoplasmosis is one of the most common parasitic diseases worldwide. Although estimated that one third of the world's population are infected with Toxoplasma gondii, but the most common form of the disease is latent (asymptomatic). On the other hand, recent findings indicated that la­tent toxoplasmosis is not only unsafe for human, but also may play various roles in the etiol­ogy of different mental disorders. This paper reviews new findings about importance of latent toxop­lasmosis (except in immunocompromised patients) in alterations of behavioral parameters and also its role in the etiology of schizophrenia and depressive disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder, Alzheimer's diseases and Parkinson's disease, epilepsy, headache and or migraine, men­tal retardation and intelligence quotients, suicide attempt, risk of traffic accidents, sex ratio and some possible mechanisms of T. gondii that could contribute in the etiology of these alterations. https://ijpa.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijpa/article/view/214 https://ijpa.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijpa/article/download/214/213