Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Parasitology 1735-7020 14 2 2019 06 19 347 351 EN Bijan ESMAEILNEJAD Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran Aram SAADI Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran Bahram DALIR-NAGHADEH Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran Awat SAMIEI Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran Vahid MOHAMMADI Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran Ali PIRNEJAD-TALATAPEH Central Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran Shahin EHTESHAMFAR Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran 2017 08 13 2018 07 14 A 4-year-old male one-humped camel (Camelus dromedarius) was referred to Veterinary Teaching Hospital of Urmia University, Iran in 2017 with anorexia, weakness, depression and pale mucosa. Decreased red blood cell count, packed cell volume and hemoglobin concentration were detected by complete blood cell count. In Giemsa-stained peripheral blood smears Trypanosoma spp. trypomastigotes scattered between erythrocytic spaces and Mycoplasma-like organisms were observed attached to the surface of erythrocytes. Species-specific PCR assay confirmed T. evansi and Candidatus Mycoplasma haemolamae (CMhl) co-infection. Administration of diminazene aceturate, oxytetracycline 20%, flunixin meglumine and phosphorus-vitamin B12 were not effective in treatment. Hemoplasmosis should be considered as an important differential diagnosis of conditions associated with hemolytic anemia in camel. https://ijpa.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijpa/article/view/1729 https://ijpa.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijpa/article/download/1729/953