Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Parasitology 1735-7020 12 1 2017 02 27 143 147 Fatemeh MEMARI Dept. of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Dept. of Medical Biotechnology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran Maryam NIYYATI Dept. of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Zeynab JONEIDI Dept. of Molecular Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran 2017 02 27 2017 02 27 Opportunistic infections due to free-living amoebae such as Granulomatous Amoebic Encephalitis (GAE), cutaneous acanthamoebiasis and disseminated infections could be the causative agent of mortality in people living with HIV/AIDS. In this study, we report the occurrence of the Acanthamoeba belonging to the T4 genotype isolated from nasal and oral swabs of a 15 -yr-old man with HIV infection. HIV was confirmed using ELISA kit and RT-PCR assay. The isolated strain showed pathogenic potential using thermo and osmotolerance assays. This patient might be vulnerable to develop GAE or disseminated infections and depending on the immunologic status of the patient, this could be a health threat. Monitoring of such patients, appropriate diagnostic procedures and improved-HIV related care can alter the outcome of such infections.  https://ijpa.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijpa/article/view/1529 https://ijpa.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijpa/article/download/1529/684