Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Parasitology 1735-7020 5 3 2010 09 15 40 47 EN K Ashrafi Dept. of Medical Microbiology, School of Medicine, Gilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran A Tahbaz Dept. of Infectious Diseases, Rasoul-Akram Hospital, Gilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran B Rahmati Dept. of Medical Microbiology, School of Medicine, Gilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran 2015 10 03 Background: Eosinophilia occurs in a wide variety of situations such as parasitic infections, aller­gic disorders, and malignancies. Most cases of eosinophilia of parasitic origin, especially those with a tissue migration life cycles consists of human infections by helminth parasites. The aim of present study was to determine the parasitic causes of eosinophilia in patients in a major endemic area of human fascioliasis in Gilan Province, northern part of Iran. Methods: One hundred and fifty patients presenting with an elevated eosinophilia attending infec­tious disease clinics with or without clinical symptoms, were examined. After clinical his­tory evaluation and physical examination, coprological examinations were performed using the formalin-ether and the Kato-Katz techniques for detection of Fasciola sp. and intestinal parasites. Results: Forty two percent of patients were infected with S. stercoralis, nine (6%) were found to be infected with Fasciola sp. while only a single patient (0.7%) were infected by Ttrichostrongy­lus sp. Conclusion: Local clinicians in Gilan may consider eosinophilia as a suggestive indication for diagnosis of human fascioliasis, especially when microscopic stool and/or serological tests are negative. Based on the results, local physicians should consider S. stercoralis as the potential causes of eosinophilia in patients with elevated eosinophilia. https://ijpa.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijpa/article/view/145 https://ijpa.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijpa/article/download/145/144