Comparison of Protective Potency of DNA and Live Vaccines Expressing A2-CPA-CPB-CTE Antigens against Visceral Leish-maniasis in Syrian Hamster as Preliminary Study
-
Yasaman TASLIMI
,
Farnaz ZAHEDIFARD
,
Tahereh TAHERI
,
Delaram DOROUD
,
Sakineh LATIF DIZAJI
,
Noushin SALJOUGHIAN
,
Sima RAFATI
Abstract
Background: Visceral leishmaniasis is the most severe form of leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania (L.) donovani complex. Drug-resistant strains have been developed as a consequence of the current chemotherapeutic interventions, which has increased the need for advanced preventive and therapeutic strategies. A2-CPA-CPB-CTE-recombinant strain of L. tarentolae, which is non-pathogenic to humans, was shown protective in live vaccine as well as its DNA vaccine counterpart in both murine and canine models.
Methods: We evaluated the effectiveness of these DNA and live vaccination harboring A2-CPA-CPB-CTE in protecting hamsters against L. infantum infection using prime-boost regimens, namely DNA/DNA and Live/Live (n=9 hamsters per group). Cationic solid lipid nanoparticles (cSLN) were utilized as an adjuvant for DNA priming and electroporation for boosting DNA. At different time points post-challenge, parasite burden and body weight as well as humoral immune responses were measured.
Results: Both immunization strategies partially protect hamsters against L. infantum challenge. This protective immunity is associated with remarkable decrease in parasite load in liver and spleen of vaccinated hamsters eight weeks after challenge compared to control group.
Conclusion: Both test groups (DNA/DNA and Live/Live) elicited high levels of IgG2 and total IgG as humoral immune responses and lower level of parasite propagation in both liver and spleen.
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2. Mohebali M, Hajjaran H, Hamzavi Y, et al. Epidemiological aspects of canine visceral leishmaniosis in the Islamic Republic of Iran. Vet Parasitol. 2005;129(3-4):243-251.
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8. Mohebali M, Khamesipour A, Mobedi I, et al. Double-blind randomized efficacy field trial of alum precipitated autoclaved Leishmania major vaccine mixed with bcg against canine visceral leishmaniasis in meshkin-shahr district, ir Iran. Vaccine. 2004;22(29-30):4097-4100.
9. Palatnik-de-Sousa CB. Vaccines for canine leishmaniasis. Front Immunol. 2012;3:69.
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11. Roatt BM, de Oliveira Aguiar-Soares RD, Vitoriano-Souza J, et al. Performance of lbsap vaccine after intradermal challenge with L. infantum and saliva of lu. Longipalpis: Immunogenicity and parasitological evaluation. PLoS One. 2012;7(11):e49780.
12. Saljoughian N, Taheri T, Rafati S. Live vaccination tactics: Possible approaches for controlling visceral leishmaniasis. Front Immunol. 2014;5:134.
13. Breton M, Tremblay MJ, Ouellette M, et al. Live nonpathogenic parasitic vector as a candidate vaccine against visceral leishmaniasis. Infect Immun. 2005;73(10):6372-6382.
14. Klatt S, Simpson L, Maslov DA, et al. Leishmania tarentolae: Taxonomic classification and its application as a promising biotechnological expression host. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2019;13(7):e0007424.
15. McCall LI, Matlashewski G. Localization and induction of the a2 virulence factor in Leishmania: Evidence that a2 is a stress response protein. Mol Microbiol. 2010;77(2):518-530.
16. Mizbani A, Taheri T, Zahedifard F, et al. Recombinant Leishmania tarentolae expressing the a2 virulence gene as a novel candidate vaccine against visceral leishmaniasis. Vaccine. 2009;28(1):53-62.
17. Coombs GH, Mottram JC. Proteinases of trypanosomes and Leishmania: Biology and control. Oxford CAB International, London, UK. 1997:177-179.
18. Robertson CD, Coombs GH, North MJ, et al. Parasite cysteine proteinases. Perspectives in Drug Discovery and Design, ESCOM Science Publisher. 1996;6:99.
19. Rafati S, Salmanian AH, Hashemi K, et al. Identification of Leishmania major cysteine proteinases as targets of the immune response in humans. Mol Biochem Parasitol. 2001;113(1):35-43.
20. Rafati S, Zahedifard F, Nazgouee F. Prime-boost vaccination using cysteine proteinases type i and ii of Leishmania infantum confers protective immunity in murine visceral leishmaniasis. Vaccine. 2006;24(12):2169-2175.
21. Rafati S, Nakhaee A, Taheri T, et al. Protective vaccination against experimental canine visceral leishmaniasis using a combination of DNA and protein immunization with cysteine proteinases type i and ii of l. Infantum. Vaccine. 2005;23(28):3716-3725.
22. Gurunathan S, Klinman DM, Seder RA. DNA vaccines: Immunology, application, and optimization. Annu Rev Immunol. 2000;18:927-974.
23. Zadeh-Vakili A, Taheri T, Taslimi Y, et al. Immunization with the hybrid protein vaccine, consisting of Leishmania major cysteine proteinases type i (cpb) and type ii (cpa), partially protects against leishmaniasis. Vaccine. 2004;22(15-16):1930-1940.
24. Doroud D, Zahedifard F, Vatanara A, et al. C-terminal domain deletion enhances the protective activity of cpa/cpb loaded solid lipid nanoparticles against Leishmania major in balb/c mice. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2011;5(7):e1236.
25. Mutiso M, Macharia JC, Gicheru MM. A review of adjuvants for Leishmania vaccine candidates. J Biomed Res. 2010; 24 (1):16-25.
26. Sundararajan R. Nanosecond electroporation: Another look. Mol Biotechnol. 2009;41(1):69-82.
27. Gehl J. Electroporation: Theory and methods, perspectives for drug delivery, gene therapy and research. Acta Physiol Scand. 2003;177(4):437-447.
28. Harvie P, Wong FM, Bally MB. Use of poly(ethylene glycol)-lipid conjugates to regulate the surface attributes and transfection activity of lipid-DNA particles. J Pharm Sci. 2000;89(5):652-663.
29. Muller RH, Mader K, Gohla S. Solid lipid nanoparticles (sln) for controlled drug delivery - a review of the state of the art. Eur J Pharm Biopharm. 2000;50(1):161-177.
30. Saljoughian N, Taheri T, Zahedifard F, et al. Development of novel prime-boost strategies based on a tri-gene fusion recombinant l. Tarentolae vaccine against experimental murine visceral leishmaniasis. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2013;7(4):e2174.
31. Viana da Costa A, Huerre M, Delacre M, et al. Il-10 leads to a higher parasite persistence in a resistant mouse model of Leishmania major infection. Parasitol Int. 2002;51(4):367-379.
32. Buffet PA, Sulahian A, Garin YJ, et al. Culture microtitration: A sensitive method for quantifying Leishmania infantum in tissues of infected mice. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1995;39(9):2167-2168.
33. Moreira N, Giunchetti RC, Carneiro CM, et al. Histological study of cell migration in the dermis of hamsters after immunisation with two different vaccines against visceral leishmaniasis. Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 2009;128(4):418-424.
34. Melby PC, Chandrasekar B, Zhao W, et al. The hamster as a model of human visceral leishmaniasis: Progressive disease and impaired generation of nitric oxide in the face of a prominent th1- like cytokine response. J Immunol. 2001;166(3):1912-1920.
35. Dea-Ayuela M, Rama-Iniguez S, Alunda J, et al. Setting new immunobiological parameters in the hamster model of visceral leishmaniasis for in vivo testing of antileishmanial compounds. Vet Res Commun. 2007;31(6):703-717.
36. Saljoughian N, Zahedifard F, Doroud D, et al. Cationic solid–lipid nanoparticles are as efficient as electroporation in DNA vaccination against visceral leishmaniasis in mice. Parasite Immunol. 2013;35(12):397-408.
37. Ghose AC, Haldar JP, Pal SC, et al. Serological investigations on indian kala-azar. Clin Exp Immunol. 1980;40(2):318-326.
38. Wyllie S, Fairlamb AH. Refinement of techniques for the propagation of Leishmania donovani in hamsters. Acta Trop. 2006;97(3):364-369.
2. Mohebali M, Hajjaran H, Hamzavi Y, et al. Epidemiological aspects of canine visceral leishmaniosis in the Islamic Republic of Iran. Vet Parasitol. 2005;129(3-4):243-251.
3. Mohebali M. Visceral leishmaniasis in Iran: Review of the epidemiological and clinical features. Iran J Parasitol. 2013;8(3):348-358.
4. Van Bockstal L, Bulté D, Hendrickx S, et al. Impact of clinically acquired miltefosine resistance by Leishmania infantum on mouse and sand fly infection. Int J Parasitol Drugs Drug Resist. 2020;13:16-21.
5. Choi C, Lerner E. Leishmaniasis as an emerging infection. J Investig Dermatol Symp Proc. 2001;6(3):175-182.
6. Croft S, Vivas L, Brooker S. Recent advances in research and control of malaria, leishmaniasis, trypanosomiasis and schistosomiasis. East Mediterr Health J. 2003;9(4):518-533.
7. Mohebali M, Fallah E, Mobedi I, et al. Field trial of autoclaved leishmania vaccines for control of canine visceral leishmaniasis in meshkin-shahr, Iran. Arch Razi Ins. 1999;50:87-92.
8. Mohebali M, Khamesipour A, Mobedi I, et al. Double-blind randomized efficacy field trial of alum precipitated autoclaved Leishmania major vaccine mixed with bcg against canine visceral leishmaniasis in meshkin-shahr district, ir Iran. Vaccine. 2004;22(29-30):4097-4100.
9. Palatnik-de-Sousa CB. Vaccines for canine leishmaniasis. Front Immunol. 2012;3:69.
10. Fiuza JA, da Costa Santiago H, Selvapandiyan A, et al. Induction of immunogenicity by live attenuated Leishmania donovani centrin deleted parasites in dogs. Vaccine. 2013;31(14):1785-1792.
11. Roatt BM, de Oliveira Aguiar-Soares RD, Vitoriano-Souza J, et al. Performance of lbsap vaccine after intradermal challenge with L. infantum and saliva of lu. Longipalpis: Immunogenicity and parasitological evaluation. PLoS One. 2012;7(11):e49780.
12. Saljoughian N, Taheri T, Rafati S. Live vaccination tactics: Possible approaches for controlling visceral leishmaniasis. Front Immunol. 2014;5:134.
13. Breton M, Tremblay MJ, Ouellette M, et al. Live nonpathogenic parasitic vector as a candidate vaccine against visceral leishmaniasis. Infect Immun. 2005;73(10):6372-6382.
14. Klatt S, Simpson L, Maslov DA, et al. Leishmania tarentolae: Taxonomic classification and its application as a promising biotechnological expression host. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2019;13(7):e0007424.
15. McCall LI, Matlashewski G. Localization and induction of the a2 virulence factor in Leishmania: Evidence that a2 is a stress response protein. Mol Microbiol. 2010;77(2):518-530.
16. Mizbani A, Taheri T, Zahedifard F, et al. Recombinant Leishmania tarentolae expressing the a2 virulence gene as a novel candidate vaccine against visceral leishmaniasis. Vaccine. 2009;28(1):53-62.
17. Coombs GH, Mottram JC. Proteinases of trypanosomes and Leishmania: Biology and control. Oxford CAB International, London, UK. 1997:177-179.
18. Robertson CD, Coombs GH, North MJ, et al. Parasite cysteine proteinases. Perspectives in Drug Discovery and Design, ESCOM Science Publisher. 1996;6:99.
19. Rafati S, Salmanian AH, Hashemi K, et al. Identification of Leishmania major cysteine proteinases as targets of the immune response in humans. Mol Biochem Parasitol. 2001;113(1):35-43.
20. Rafati S, Zahedifard F, Nazgouee F. Prime-boost vaccination using cysteine proteinases type i and ii of Leishmania infantum confers protective immunity in murine visceral leishmaniasis. Vaccine. 2006;24(12):2169-2175.
21. Rafati S, Nakhaee A, Taheri T, et al. Protective vaccination against experimental canine visceral leishmaniasis using a combination of DNA and protein immunization with cysteine proteinases type i and ii of l. Infantum. Vaccine. 2005;23(28):3716-3725.
22. Gurunathan S, Klinman DM, Seder RA. DNA vaccines: Immunology, application, and optimization. Annu Rev Immunol. 2000;18:927-974.
23. Zadeh-Vakili A, Taheri T, Taslimi Y, et al. Immunization with the hybrid protein vaccine, consisting of Leishmania major cysteine proteinases type i (cpb) and type ii (cpa), partially protects against leishmaniasis. Vaccine. 2004;22(15-16):1930-1940.
24. Doroud D, Zahedifard F, Vatanara A, et al. C-terminal domain deletion enhances the protective activity of cpa/cpb loaded solid lipid nanoparticles against Leishmania major in balb/c mice. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2011;5(7):e1236.
25. Mutiso M, Macharia JC, Gicheru MM. A review of adjuvants for Leishmania vaccine candidates. J Biomed Res. 2010; 24 (1):16-25.
26. Sundararajan R. Nanosecond electroporation: Another look. Mol Biotechnol. 2009;41(1):69-82.
27. Gehl J. Electroporation: Theory and methods, perspectives for drug delivery, gene therapy and research. Acta Physiol Scand. 2003;177(4):437-447.
28. Harvie P, Wong FM, Bally MB. Use of poly(ethylene glycol)-lipid conjugates to regulate the surface attributes and transfection activity of lipid-DNA particles. J Pharm Sci. 2000;89(5):652-663.
29. Muller RH, Mader K, Gohla S. Solid lipid nanoparticles (sln) for controlled drug delivery - a review of the state of the art. Eur J Pharm Biopharm. 2000;50(1):161-177.
30. Saljoughian N, Taheri T, Zahedifard F, et al. Development of novel prime-boost strategies based on a tri-gene fusion recombinant l. Tarentolae vaccine against experimental murine visceral leishmaniasis. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2013;7(4):e2174.
31. Viana da Costa A, Huerre M, Delacre M, et al. Il-10 leads to a higher parasite persistence in a resistant mouse model of Leishmania major infection. Parasitol Int. 2002;51(4):367-379.
32. Buffet PA, Sulahian A, Garin YJ, et al. Culture microtitration: A sensitive method for quantifying Leishmania infantum in tissues of infected mice. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1995;39(9):2167-2168.
33. Moreira N, Giunchetti RC, Carneiro CM, et al. Histological study of cell migration in the dermis of hamsters after immunisation with two different vaccines against visceral leishmaniasis. Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 2009;128(4):418-424.
34. Melby PC, Chandrasekar B, Zhao W, et al. The hamster as a model of human visceral leishmaniasis: Progressive disease and impaired generation of nitric oxide in the face of a prominent th1- like cytokine response. J Immunol. 2001;166(3):1912-1920.
35. Dea-Ayuela M, Rama-Iniguez S, Alunda J, et al. Setting new immunobiological parameters in the hamster model of visceral leishmaniasis for in vivo testing of antileishmanial compounds. Vet Res Commun. 2007;31(6):703-717.
36. Saljoughian N, Zahedifard F, Doroud D, et al. Cationic solid–lipid nanoparticles are as efficient as electroporation in DNA vaccination against visceral leishmaniasis in mice. Parasite Immunol. 2013;35(12):397-408.
37. Ghose AC, Haldar JP, Pal SC, et al. Serological investigations on indian kala-azar. Clin Exp Immunol. 1980;40(2):318-326.
38. Wyllie S, Fairlamb AH. Refinement of techniques for the propagation of Leishmania donovani in hamsters. Acta Trop. 2006;97(3):364-369.
| Files | ||
| Issue | Vol 15 No 3 (2020) | |
| Section | Original Article(s) | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.18502/ijpa.v15i3.4203 | |
| Keywords | ||
| Visceral leishmaniasis DNA vaccination Live vaccination Hamster immunization | ||
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How to Cite
1.
TASLIMI Y, ZAHEDIFARD F, TAHERI T, DOROUD D, LATIF DIZAJI S, SALJOUGHIAN N, RAFATI S. Comparison of Protective Potency of DNA and Live Vaccines Expressing A2-CPA-CPB-CTE Antigens against Visceral Leish-maniasis in Syrian Hamster as Preliminary Study. Iran J Parasitol. 2020;15(3):383-392.
